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hello and welcome to the show I'm Martin

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Willis your host and I am on location in

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Connecticut somewhere at mark D

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Antonio's house he's got an observatory

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on the lawn it's pretty exciting on just

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a second we have Alejandro Rojas coming

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alive all the way from Phoenix with the

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UFO updates a couple things I want to

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thank those who support the show and all

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it takes is two dollars or more a month

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you can see that on podcast UFO calm um

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and if you can't support the show and

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you want to listen to the full show all

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you have to do is you can actually watch

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it on YouTube live livestream as it is

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right now and that you can get there

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right from podcast UFO com every

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Wednesday at 8 to 10 p.m. Eastern

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Standard Time and if you want to listen

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to the whole show for free also you can

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go over to the Dark Matter digital

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network and listen Thursdays from 10 to

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midnight and so that is how that works

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now chat up Melanie who listens to the

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show gave me a great tip the other day

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and she said you know you should have

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someone monitor your chat and not even

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worry about it and have them send you

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texts of questions and you know I do get

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distracted

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I always come in and say hi to everyone

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but starting next week I'm going to have

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someone in the chat room monitoring it

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and sending me questions that way I can

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focus totally on the interview and I

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should have thought that a long time ago

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and I want to thank Melanie for that we

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also have some blogs up on our website

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and that is from gentlemen that's

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writing blogs from India for us it does

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a great job hope you check that out

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there's a couple of them I think he does

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a an excellent job and I think that is

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about it we are ready for the UFO

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updates with Alejandro

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how are you alejandro I am well how are

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you my friend

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doing good so what's happening I'll look

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at your background I actually do get to

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see this on YouTube can people see me

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right now they can don't do anything so

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I'm close on Oh

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thank goodness idea well I'm at the

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office I typically do in the office

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yeah the Emperor's clothes new have new

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suit yes but I kind of feel like I'm

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being watched I always feel like

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somebody's watching me can um is there

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something behind me I might being

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watched right now a lot you two have

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some aliens behind you oh my god yes up

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the gray kind a whole slew of them on

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with the necktie oh my god holy that

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guy's probably coming to town for an

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interview some sort we actually hired

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him because he wore the tie I see yeah

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it's very important what you wearing

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that you dress up when you go for an

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interview yeah I've heard that heard

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that least he has a tie anyway so what's

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going on with the UFO news of their

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house oh he's got nothing else on I

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don't recommend that yeah usually wear

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something else with the tide but anyway

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I would sorry about that so I have an

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interesting story here this is a good

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one we just posted today this is posted

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by Roger Marsh of course the director of

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communications for MUFON a MUFON case

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this happened on a what he didn't put

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the date actually so I'm guessing it

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happened pretty recently but it was in

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California the headlines fun so here's

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the headline ready for it oh yeah

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witness says dear noticed two hovering

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objects nearby a deer that's right not

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his do you later

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no idea just a deer I'm not sure if it's

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H or anything like that but um so this

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is a lady who said she was in her living

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room doing housework when she noticed a

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pulsing light down the hill from where

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she was she looked and was staring at it

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and she was like what the heck is that

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it was this pulsing pencil like thing

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she said it was ten feet off of the

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ground and then she noticed that there

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was a wild deer looking up at the object

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and it's kind of funny because it

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grabbed a mouthful of food she said it

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would it was eating it would grab a

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mouthful of food and then just look up

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at the thing like who you know eating

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food and looking

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up there she said she couldn't tell what

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the heck the thing is she said the

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second object was moving around a tree

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which is pretty weird of course um she

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couldn't figure out she she thought that

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maybe these things were observing the

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deer and the deer didn't seem to really

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care at all it was just like oh dude you

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know and she went inside to tell her

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family about it and then when she came

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out she said the objects were gone she

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watched them for about five to seven

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minutes this was an Amador County

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California so kind of a rural area but

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what a funny one huh I've never heard of

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anything never heard tell as they say

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wow that is yeah it is really crazy so

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weird and a bit humorous as well at

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least I find that just picturing that

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deer kind of eating in yeah

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watching the UFO okie oh dear yeah yeah

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they just deer are must be used to the

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UFO you know yeah they're in the woods

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all the time I don't they're not

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nocturnal I know that they do sleep at

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night but you know but they probably

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stay up late looking up the sky what

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else what else you do when you're a deer

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you don't have you know smartphone or

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tablet or anything you know you got to

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do nicely

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exactly exactly so they're also in the

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news as far as headlines I wanted to

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talk about headlines because there's

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some I think some cool headlines lately

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and remember you know you can we have

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the you up the headlines posted on the

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front page of open minds TV but you can

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also go to the articles and go look at

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the daily headlines which is a great

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resource because you'll see you know

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headlines from every day for four years

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but some of the headlines lately one of

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them being Ridley Scott so we've talked

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about this before I'm sure you and I

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have I know I've mentioned it on my show

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I think I've maybe even written about it

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he's really into ancient aliens and we

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know you know he's talked about this in

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the past and especially when Prometheus

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came up because it kind of had that

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ancient alien sting to it there was a

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little bit more information but now that

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the new aliens movie is coming out he's

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gotten a little bit further to talk

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about how not only

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does he believe aliens are real he

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believes they are going to take us down

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aliens are coming and they are gonna

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wipe the floor with us and it's probably

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because and I we talked about this

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before humans are kind of a holy SH and

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I think that's what um he is his theory

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is that there may you know come here and

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be like alright but you know if you want

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to go all the way back to ancient time

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we've always had the what did you say a

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holy SH a holy SH yeah you know like

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Stan Friedman always says you know we're

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very tribal we've always been tribal and

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you know always gained uh you know it's

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a it's part of it is evolutionary you

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know that whole need to be tribal and

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aggressive and all that so I don't think

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I mean if they had so many opportunities

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and you can make as many excuses for the

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human race as you want but humans are

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not just going to keep eating their

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cereal you know and look at the UFO like

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the deer and be peaceful and be like hey

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how you doing we're coexisting humans

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are going to get their weapons and large

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missiles and things and try to destroy

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the UFO and so yeah you know I I have to

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have actually been you know what I was

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certain through that book of shouldn't

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shoot them down or something like that

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right yeah

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yeah so that's kind of a neat story

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something interesting there's a lot of

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astrobiological stories too so you know

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finding exoplanets these different types

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of exoplanets out there however I'll

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leave that discussion to your guest Mark

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Dantonio who's pretty much a specialist

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in that area so he can tell you more

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about that but other than that you know

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I do want to say I guess to to wrap it

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up what's kind of this is still really

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cool is that um Cheryl Kosta her book

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about you know UFO sightings is still

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getting news out there so a paper that's

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more local to the where she's from

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actually to the story today but I think

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that's really really cool

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I you know it it's not just that her

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book is interesting in that you know

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it's a kind of a dry read because it's

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all statistics and stuff but it's good

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for people like you and I people who

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research or write stories and so it's

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important for the media because then

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they can go in there and say hey you

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know I'm in this rural area in

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California and this dealer was watching

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UFO how many UFOs have humans reported

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in the area so it's useful that way but

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she did was proactive about getting out

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there and getting to the media making

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them aware of her book and it's paying

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off in spades as they say well that's

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great I know it's been anything so it

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really gets a lot of traction mm-hmm

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excellent so there's some news for you

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that at the exact was that okay uh you

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know as always

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Alejandro it was fantastical and I

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wanted to just tell everyone out there I

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listened to your show blast someone that

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was on my show

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George Gaines now I think your show in

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my show the only two that he's done but

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I want to tell you you did an awesome

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job it was a really really good

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interview so I I recommend to any of my

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listeners please check out

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Alejandro's last week interview it is

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really really good like things came up

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between you two that didn't come up on

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my show that I thought was great you're

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just looking for so we could Pat each

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other on the back which is which is nice

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it's that's good that's good human

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behavior if we act like this aliens

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might not want to destroy us but of

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course I owe it all to you because

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you're the one who got me in contact

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with this great interesting gentleman

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dr. George Gaines he very interesting

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person so thank you so much for getting

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me in contact with him all that was yeah

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that was fine of anyway

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I want to thank you sir and you know

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we're going to talk about tonight what

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the heck would aliens be like in general

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with a whole bunch of ideas I want to

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throw it mark to see just what his

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thoughts are on that and you know I

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think it'll be great

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alright that that does sound fabulous

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yeah

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all right Alejandro thanks a lot

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right thank you have fun guys okay take

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care all right you can have to sign out

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Alejandra all right take care bye bye

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okay all right so here we are we're in

271
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studio mark how you doing I'm doing

272
00:11:24,759 --> 00:11:23,660
great how you doing mark I know it's

273
00:11:25,509 --> 00:11:24,769
hard to tell which way to look at the

274
00:11:27,850 --> 00:11:25,519
camera isn't it

275
00:11:29,350 --> 00:11:27,860
well I I know that the cameras here so

276
00:11:32,230 --> 00:11:29,360
if I'm talking to an audience I would do

277
00:11:34,869 --> 00:11:32,240
this gesture if necessary but you're

278
00:11:37,179 --> 00:11:34,879
here yeah and if I just think well the

279
00:11:39,369 --> 00:11:37,189
cameras inside your eye then that works

280
00:11:41,470 --> 00:11:39,379
you know I can that helps but I can I

281
00:11:43,749 --> 00:11:41,480
can manage okay so I did I did want to

282
00:11:46,540 --> 00:11:43,759
tell the audience that we have a okay

283
00:11:49,030 --> 00:11:46,550
has is volunteered to help in the chat

284
00:11:50,889 --> 00:11:49,040
room tonight thank you so much okay so I

285
00:11:52,299 --> 00:11:50,899
am going to turn away from the chat room

286
00:11:54,280 --> 00:11:52,309
tonight and try to focus on this

287
00:11:57,129 --> 00:11:54,290
interview and if any really good

288
00:12:00,329 --> 00:11:57,139
questions come up on chat please do post

289
00:12:03,069 --> 00:12:00,339
them and Kay will get them in to us also

290
00:12:05,470 --> 00:12:03,079
we actually have an availability to take

291
00:12:08,379 --> 00:12:05,480
up anyone that wants to join us later on

292
00:12:09,910 --> 00:12:08,389
in Google Hangouts um so that's a

293
00:12:12,460 --> 00:12:09,920
possibility - all you need is a gmail

294
00:12:13,960 --> 00:12:12,470
address and you have to know how to do

295
00:12:18,249 --> 00:12:13,970
it actually that's the best way to go

296
00:12:20,199 --> 00:12:18,259
around it uh so mark um thanks thanks

297
00:12:21,999 --> 00:12:20,209
for inviting me into your studio once

298
00:12:24,369 --> 00:12:22,009
again that's fine we did it once before

299
00:12:26,470 --> 00:12:24,379
and it worked out well so yeah when you

300
00:12:28,090 --> 00:12:26,480
said let's do it again I I said no but

301
00:12:30,999 --> 00:12:28,100
you insisted and I run the door and

302
00:12:32,799 --> 00:12:31,009
there you were it was no it's very nice

303
00:12:35,679 --> 00:12:32,809
showed up like I always do right it's

304
00:12:37,119 --> 00:12:35,689
fine yeah uh so you can see around in

305
00:12:39,610 --> 00:12:37,129
the room there's these rivets you have

306
00:12:42,280 --> 00:12:39,620
this this is replicated from inside a

307
00:12:44,739 --> 00:12:42,290
submarine no actually the destroyer of a

308
00:12:46,119 --> 00:12:44,749
story it's a my since I do a lot of work

309
00:12:48,309 --> 00:12:46,129
for the Navy one of the things I did was

310
00:12:50,169 --> 00:12:48,319
I I figured well if I have to work

311
00:12:53,619 --> 00:12:50,179
you're doing this stuff all the time

312
00:12:56,829 --> 00:12:53,629
I want my office to look the part yeah

313
00:12:58,689 --> 00:12:56,839
so I have rivets I have real portholes

314
00:13:00,009 --> 00:12:58,699
for windows I mean I kind of went the

315
00:13:02,949 --> 00:13:00,019
whole nine yards

316
00:13:04,989 --> 00:13:02,959
that's it's pretty cool yeah a little

317
00:13:08,109 --> 00:13:04,999
overboard the battle fun and Reagan yeah

318
00:13:10,179 --> 00:13:08,119
guys over here we go already

319
00:13:12,069 --> 00:13:10,189
yeah simulated eye beams you know in the

320
00:13:14,579 --> 00:13:12,079
ceiling it's a man I know when to quit

321
00:13:16,960 --> 00:13:14,589
yeah speaking of that your observatory

322
00:13:18,759 --> 00:13:16,970
I'm going to pull up all Google pictures

323
00:13:20,580 --> 00:13:18,769
as we're talking right here okay of your

324
00:13:23,940 --> 00:13:20,590
new observatory tell me how

325
00:13:25,740 --> 00:13:23,950
how that all came about well the John

326
00:13:29,370 --> 00:13:25,750
Zack Memorial Observatory started when

327
00:13:31,140 --> 00:13:29,380
my friend John and I and the reason I

328
00:13:33,420 --> 00:13:31,150
reason that the Memorial Observatory is

329
00:13:36,930 --> 00:13:33,430
sad but but he he passed away due to

330
00:13:38,880 --> 00:13:36,940
cancer about four years ago maybe five

331
00:13:41,340 --> 00:13:38,890
and and John and I were going to create

332
00:13:42,590 --> 00:13:41,350
a remote observatory available through

333
00:13:45,480 --> 00:13:42,600
the internet where you could go and

334
00:13:47,790 --> 00:13:45,490
basically log in and take photos and

335
00:13:51,150 --> 00:13:47,800
then take pictures down that were really

336
00:13:53,160 --> 00:13:51,160
high quality so we had decided this is

337
00:13:55,440 --> 00:13:53,170
what we were going to do so we're

338
00:13:57,600 --> 00:13:55,450
working actively at that we bought all

339
00:14:00,230 --> 00:13:57,610
this telescope equipment and I said okay

340
00:14:02,940 --> 00:14:00,240
I'll get the observatory building and

341
00:14:05,910 --> 00:14:02,950
provide the land for it and then what we

342
00:14:08,160 --> 00:14:05,920
would do is have this telescope

343
00:14:09,450 --> 00:14:08,170
available that we could log into the

344
00:14:11,700 --> 00:14:09,460
other people could log into and then

345
00:14:13,380 --> 00:14:11,710
actually you know look at the sky in a

346
00:14:16,230 --> 00:14:13,390
whole new way

347
00:14:18,510 --> 00:14:16,240
now unfortunately he passed away as I

348
00:14:20,040 --> 00:14:18,520
said and and that was about four years

349
00:14:23,820 --> 00:14:20,050
ago and the telescope's been sitting in

350
00:14:25,710 --> 00:14:23,830
a box and and just a few months ago I

351
00:14:27,660 --> 00:14:25,720
decided that's it I can't stand that

352
00:14:30,900 --> 00:14:27,670
it's gonna have to get done he would

353
00:14:32,670 --> 00:14:30,910
wanted it to be done so I got the

354
00:14:36,480 --> 00:14:32,680
observatory building from a place in

355
00:14:38,700 --> 00:14:36,490
Canada I got the telescope out of its

356
00:14:40,860 --> 00:14:38,710
box I had two purrmaids'

357
00:14:42,360 --> 00:14:40,870
at a you know the telescopes have to be

358
00:14:45,510 --> 00:14:42,370
very stable so I had to put it on a

359
00:14:48,090 --> 00:14:45,520
stable steel pier which was on top of a

360
00:14:50,840 --> 00:14:48,100
very deep concrete pillar that I had to

361
00:14:54,990 --> 00:14:50,850
dig into the ground so I did all that

362
00:14:57,960 --> 00:14:55,000
and now we have the makings of the

363
00:15:01,130 --> 00:14:57,970
automated observatory the nice part is

364
00:15:03,900 --> 00:15:01,140
that I'm going to use that building as a

365
00:15:08,610 --> 00:15:03,910
foundation to in a jumping-off point for

366
00:15:11,490 --> 00:15:08,620
our you photography project where we

367
00:15:14,570 --> 00:15:11,500
want to try and find evidence of alien

368
00:15:17,190 --> 00:15:14,580
incursion into our airspace through

369
00:15:20,550 --> 00:15:17,200
special sensory systems that will be

370
00:15:22,019 --> 00:15:20,560
looking for special certain radiations

371
00:15:24,780 --> 00:15:22,029
or whatever that they might be giving

372
00:15:29,430 --> 00:15:24,790
off that we can call like a smoking gun

373
00:15:31,290 --> 00:15:29,440
well that said we're going to be taking

374
00:15:32,910 --> 00:15:31,300
that to the next level there we're going

375
00:15:34,200 --> 00:15:32,920
to use that that Observatory with the

376
00:15:36,570 --> 00:15:34,210
telescope in there it's going to

377
00:15:39,570 --> 00:15:36,580
platform to actually mount our little

378
00:15:40,980 --> 00:15:39,580
units to test them individually and

379
00:15:42,389 --> 00:15:40,990
that'll be a controlled environment in

380
00:15:43,710 --> 00:15:42,399
which we could test them and that's

381
00:15:45,210 --> 00:15:43,720
better than trying to test it out in the

382
00:15:47,940 --> 00:15:45,220
middle of desert where you have to

383
00:15:49,920 --> 00:15:47,950
contend with sand and and coyotes

384
00:15:52,710 --> 00:15:49,930
possibly relieving themselves on the

385
00:15:54,630 --> 00:15:52,720
thing or whatever so it's good it's a

386
00:15:57,720 --> 00:15:54,640
it's a good jumping-off point for that

387
00:15:58,800 --> 00:15:57,730
you know and then but the telescope

388
00:16:01,860 --> 00:15:58,810
itself is going to serve another purpose

389
00:16:04,769 --> 00:16:01,870
it's going to be a jump off point for

390
00:16:06,930 --> 00:16:04,779
people to come and join me on a sky tour

391
00:16:09,990 --> 00:16:06,940
and we're going to be doing live sky

392
00:16:11,190 --> 00:16:10,000
tours with a special camera that can is

393
00:16:13,650 --> 00:16:11,200
very sensitive that will allow you to

394
00:16:15,810 --> 00:16:13,660
see the faint galaxies right there live

395
00:16:17,579 --> 00:16:15,820
on the screen and then we're going to

396
00:16:20,760 --> 00:16:17,589
take them on a journey around the United

397
00:16:23,310 --> 00:16:20,770
the universe now is this up so this is

398
00:16:26,040 --> 00:16:23,320
something that how would someone get

399
00:16:28,620 --> 00:16:26,050
involved in something like that you got

400
00:16:30,360 --> 00:16:28,630
to be crazy you know I mean because it

401
00:16:32,910 --> 00:16:30,370
can be a money pit I mean that the

402
00:16:35,820 --> 00:16:32,920
telescope of course was not cheap but

403
00:16:39,449 --> 00:16:35,830
the observatory also was not cheap but

404
00:16:41,280 --> 00:16:39,459
the outcome at the end is and I get to

405
00:16:43,590 --> 00:16:41,290
do and it would have been John and I but

406
00:16:46,380 --> 00:16:43,600
that's fine okay and the outcome is I

407
00:16:50,340 --> 00:16:46,390
get to do this neat public outreach and

408
00:16:52,949 --> 00:16:50,350
education in astronomy by doing what I

409
00:16:55,320 --> 00:16:52,959
love my degree with astronomy exoplanets

410
00:16:56,610 --> 00:16:55,330
or my bag I love them we're not going

411
00:16:58,380 --> 00:16:56,620
able to see exoplanets with this

412
00:17:00,269 --> 00:16:58,390
telescope of course but we can actually

413
00:17:03,750 --> 00:17:00,279
do research with this telescope that

414
00:17:05,790 --> 00:17:03,760
will actually show that a certain star

415
00:17:07,049 --> 00:17:05,800
may have extra planets around it we can

416
00:17:09,000 --> 00:17:07,059
do that research with this with this

417
00:17:13,350 --> 00:17:09,010
scope that's the nice thing see it's got

418
00:17:15,150 --> 00:17:13,360
that availability and it's it's not it's

419
00:17:16,590 --> 00:17:15,160
not the Kepler space telescope and it's

420
00:17:18,179 --> 00:17:16,600
not going to perform anywhere near the

421
00:17:20,240 --> 00:17:18,189
James Webb telescope which is going up

422
00:17:22,410 --> 00:17:20,250
next year yeah and it certainly won't

423
00:17:24,510 --> 00:17:22,420
perform like tests which will be the new

424
00:17:28,710 --> 00:17:24,520
one going up to the transiting exoplanet

425
00:17:31,250 --> 00:17:28,720
survey satellite but it will be a earth

426
00:17:33,720 --> 00:17:31,260
base just like other earth-based systems

427
00:17:35,430 --> 00:17:33,730
system to actually look for that as a

428
00:17:38,640 --> 00:17:35,440
possibility that's that's down the line

429
00:17:40,440 --> 00:17:38,650
but it's here right now where I live in

430
00:17:42,360 --> 00:17:40,450
Connecticut and I'm setting it up I'm

431
00:17:44,820 --> 00:17:42,370
automating it in here it'll have

432
00:17:46,919 --> 00:17:44,830
automation gear so that it will just be

433
00:17:48,230 --> 00:17:46,929
totally automatic it will open the dome

434
00:17:50,629 --> 00:17:48,240
by itself

435
00:17:52,249 --> 00:17:50,639
if it starts to rain it already gets too

436
00:17:55,489 --> 00:17:52,259
high and humidity Oh close the dome by

437
00:17:57,470 --> 00:17:55,499
itself that stuff already exists I don't

438
00:17:59,330 --> 00:17:57,480
have to build that it's just a matter of

439
00:18:01,669 --> 00:17:59,340
integrating it and and I like to do that

440
00:18:03,139 --> 00:18:01,679
I can do that and then once it's all

441
00:18:06,950 --> 00:18:03,149
worked out here my goal is to actually

442
00:18:09,680 --> 00:18:06,960
move the whole thing entirely to a spot

443
00:18:12,109 --> 00:18:09,690
in Arizona and the spot in Arizona would

444
00:18:14,299 --> 00:18:12,119
be one that's totally totally dark sky

445
00:18:17,149 --> 00:18:14,309
yeah beautiful therefore sky watching

446
00:18:19,279 --> 00:18:17,159
yeah dark dark sky yeah yeah

447
00:18:21,799 --> 00:18:19,289
I know of what I was getting at is how

448
00:18:24,049 --> 00:18:21,809
can someone actually connect with you to

449
00:18:27,980 --> 00:18:24,059
actually participate in and watching

450
00:18:29,810 --> 00:18:27,990
this thing live well um I'm going to be

451
00:18:32,869 --> 00:18:29,820
running what we're going to call this

452
00:18:36,649 --> 00:18:32,879
the sky stream a live stream and we're

453
00:18:38,389 --> 00:18:36,659
going to be doing live tours through

454
00:18:40,639 --> 00:18:38,399
YouTube you know through a streaming

455
00:18:42,680 --> 00:18:40,649
online and people will be able to

456
00:18:46,369 --> 00:18:42,690
communicate with me that way and and

457
00:18:47,749 --> 00:18:46,379
then some I mean I'll hopefully build up

458
00:18:50,509 --> 00:18:47,759
a good the following I've got a lot of

459
00:18:53,119 --> 00:18:50,519
other heavy-duty streamers that I am

460
00:18:54,529 --> 00:18:53,129
already guests on their streams and and

461
00:18:57,470 --> 00:18:54,539
they have tens of thousands of people

462
00:18:59,659 --> 00:18:57,480
following them so tens of thousands of

463
00:19:02,480 --> 00:18:59,669
people follow them and they hear me on

464
00:19:05,389 --> 00:19:02,490
these streams and you know that's

465
00:19:07,669 --> 00:19:05,399
something that starts that serves as the

466
00:19:09,440 --> 00:19:07,679
backdrop and is a foundational element

467
00:19:11,840 --> 00:19:09,450
to getting more people though you know

468
00:19:14,690 --> 00:19:11,850
come watch me I did a test stream today

469
00:19:17,180 --> 00:19:14,700
and I watched my chat room filling up

470
00:19:18,769 --> 00:19:17,190
and even announced it anybody you know I

471
00:19:20,690 --> 00:19:18,779
mean it was just because you know the

472
00:19:21,649 --> 00:19:20,700
the subscriptions the people that

473
00:19:24,649 --> 00:19:21,659
subscribe or getting these little

474
00:19:27,470 --> 00:19:24,659
notices yeah and on my Facebook page I

475
00:19:30,680 --> 00:19:27,480
saw that one person said oh he's going

476
00:19:32,600 --> 00:19:30,690
live he's live you know like I am you

477
00:19:33,680 --> 00:19:32,610
know yeah you know you really got to be

478
00:19:35,180 --> 00:19:33,690
ready for this you know because I just

479
00:19:37,700 --> 00:19:35,190
happen it's immediately in it's like wow

480
00:19:39,950 --> 00:19:37,710
I remember when I was up setting up the

481
00:19:42,950 --> 00:19:39,960
YouTube live stream for the first time I

482
00:19:47,389 --> 00:19:42,960
did a test you know and there was like

483
00:19:49,609 --> 00:19:47,399
20 people and for a test there's really

484
00:19:53,450 --> 00:19:49,619
nothing testing and then they say yeah

485
00:19:56,119 --> 00:19:53,460
we hear you but yeah so that's great no

486
00:19:57,560 --> 00:19:56,129
there I love it I think that's really

487
00:19:59,119 --> 00:19:57,570
great because it really gets it out

488
00:20:01,159 --> 00:19:59,129
there and then it's up there afterwards

489
00:20:02,030 --> 00:20:01,169
you know that's right and the whole

490
00:20:04,850 --> 00:20:02,040
point is to

491
00:20:06,740 --> 00:20:04,860
to take this back to astronomy and take

492
00:20:09,740 --> 00:20:06,750
this back to the study of planets around

493
00:20:12,700 --> 00:20:09,750
other stars and contribute to the

494
00:20:15,170 --> 00:20:12,710
science in those ways you know using

495
00:20:17,690 --> 00:20:15,180
equipment that is available to everybody

496
00:20:18,800 --> 00:20:17,700
you know and then in just because I have

497
00:20:21,230 --> 00:20:18,810
an observatory that doesn't mean that

498
00:20:22,460 --> 00:20:21,240
that equipments not available there's

499
00:20:24,800 --> 00:20:22,470
over a thousand of these particular

500
00:20:26,330 --> 00:20:24,810
observatories out there already all

501
00:20:28,460 --> 00:20:26,340
right so it's not like it's not

502
00:20:29,750 --> 00:20:28,470
available this stuff is commercially

503
00:20:32,060 --> 00:20:29,760
available stuff if this is where you

504
00:20:32,240 --> 00:20:32,070
want to go you'll find your way all

505
00:20:34,160 --> 00:20:32,250
right

506
00:20:35,780 --> 00:20:34,170
I want it before we move on I wanted to

507
00:20:38,870 --> 00:20:35,790
talk a little bit about UFO talk and

508
00:20:41,570 --> 00:20:38,880
just you started to talk about that just

509
00:20:43,570 --> 00:20:41,580
where is it in we've talked about this a

510
00:20:48,880 --> 00:20:43,580
number of times where is it in

511
00:20:50,750 --> 00:20:48,890
development these days well right now I

512
00:20:52,580 --> 00:20:50,760
purpose right now is to actually find

513
00:20:55,220 --> 00:20:52,590
the right camera chip that we want to

514
00:20:56,870 --> 00:20:55,230
use so another purpose for this

515
00:20:59,600 --> 00:20:56,880
Observatory and I've already tested this

516
00:21:02,900 --> 00:20:59,610
camera chip I've got this this Sony chip

517
00:21:05,630 --> 00:21:02,910
and it's called the X more e^x mor and

518
00:21:08,270 --> 00:21:05,640
and the X more series is really

519
00:21:12,310 --> 00:21:08,280
sensitive has tremendous sensitivity up

520
00:21:17,060 --> 00:21:12,320
and down and it also has the ability to

521
00:21:19,790 --> 00:21:17,070
vary the exposure hugely and you can get

522
00:21:22,940 --> 00:21:19,800
full 4k which is very high resolution

523
00:21:25,820 --> 00:21:22,950
video 4k video out of the camera at any

524
00:21:28,790 --> 00:21:25,830
of those sensitivities and so for

525
00:21:30,290 --> 00:21:28,800
instance if we have a u photonic system

526
00:21:33,260 --> 00:21:30,300
and that's why I'm testing this chip

527
00:21:36,110 --> 00:21:33,270
I mean madly when you look at the sky if

528
00:21:37,730 --> 00:21:36,120
you see a faint light in the sky no

529
00:21:39,650 --> 00:21:37,740
camera that's just an ordinary camera

530
00:21:41,510 --> 00:21:39,660
that you can buy anywhere will really do

531
00:21:45,020 --> 00:21:41,520
they have the ability to look at that

532
00:21:47,930 --> 00:21:45,030
thing and then zoom in on it and see it

533
00:21:49,790 --> 00:21:47,940
you know is a nice bright light this

534
00:21:51,500 --> 00:21:49,800
camera can do that and you can turn

535
00:21:53,300 --> 00:21:51,510
around use it to shoot a birthday party

536
00:21:55,760 --> 00:21:53,310
if you want you know I mean it has all

537
00:21:59,030 --> 00:21:55,770
those available availability that

538
00:22:01,910 --> 00:21:59,040
availability to it in capability and so

539
00:22:04,310 --> 00:22:01,920
this camera chip is very versatile and

540
00:22:06,350 --> 00:22:04,320
that's why I'm testing it now and so

541
00:22:08,390 --> 00:22:06,360
where we are as I'm testing this Sony

542
00:22:10,910 --> 00:22:08,400
chip and if it works like I think it

543
00:22:14,030 --> 00:22:10,920
will we'd like to make it the basis of

544
00:22:15,500 --> 00:22:14,040
our cameras for the you photography

545
00:22:17,030 --> 00:22:15,510
before

546
00:22:19,430 --> 00:22:17,040
cameras already designed and the

547
00:22:22,040 --> 00:22:19,440
prototype is already working but the

548
00:22:23,770 --> 00:22:22,050
camera chip that the core chip is

549
00:22:26,240 --> 00:22:23,780
something that we actually have to

550
00:22:29,270 --> 00:22:26,250
really be careful with and be and think

551
00:22:30,800 --> 00:22:29,280
very hard about so in Cameron chips all

552
00:22:33,440 --> 00:22:30,810
do the same kind of thing in the same

553
00:22:35,450 --> 00:22:33,450
sort of way so we just have to we just

554
00:22:36,680 --> 00:22:35,460
have to do that we just have to put that

555
00:22:40,010 --> 00:22:36,690
in to bring up the provision

556
00:22:41,900 --> 00:22:40,020
um someone just asked if you could they

557
00:22:43,670 --> 00:22:41,910
want to know how to get to your channel

558
00:22:47,210 --> 00:22:43,680
are you able to say that or would it

559
00:22:49,220 --> 00:22:47,220
have to be typed in actually my youtube

560
00:22:52,400 --> 00:22:49,230
channel is just my name Mark Dantonio

561
00:22:54,080 --> 00:22:52,410
are two words or one more to go it is

562
00:22:55,970 --> 00:22:54,090
two words two separate words and it's

563
00:22:57,680 --> 00:22:55,980
all it's all for me it's just I just

564
00:22:59,750 --> 00:22:57,690
made it all lowercase because it's just

565
00:23:00,140 --> 00:22:59,760
I was too lazy to put the caps in what

566
00:23:04,460 --> 00:23:00,150
can they say

567
00:23:07,550 --> 00:23:04,470
so that's ma RC yes and it's d and no

568
00:23:10,220 --> 00:23:07,560
apostrophe no apostrophe D a and T I oh

569
00:23:12,980 --> 00:23:10,230
no you got it wrong tell you even he

570
00:23:13,460 --> 00:23:12,990
spelled it wrong yeah yeah yeah so it's

571
00:23:19,100 --> 00:23:13,470
correct

572
00:23:21,470 --> 00:23:19,110
it's ma RC space da NT o n io so it's

573
00:23:23,000 --> 00:23:21,480
Antonio with a D in front of it I said I

574
00:23:25,490 --> 00:23:23,010
think of Antonio I said it backwards

575
00:23:27,560 --> 00:23:25,500
well you should DND and T Neverland

576
00:23:27,980 --> 00:23:27,570
listen are its Antonio what a D in front

577
00:23:29,780 --> 00:23:27,990
of it

578
00:23:31,970 --> 00:23:29,790
I think that's what it is am i right no

579
00:23:32,960 --> 00:23:31,980
you're wrong oh I got it right alright

580
00:23:36,560 --> 00:23:32,970
no I was right

581
00:23:38,660 --> 00:23:36,570
don't listen to Martin alright so a so

582
00:23:40,610 --> 00:23:38,670
the basis of the show tonight that you

583
00:23:45,260 --> 00:23:40,620
and I had a chat on the phone a while

584
00:23:48,530 --> 00:23:45,270
back and that is if you know there's all

585
00:23:50,660 --> 00:23:48,540
these planets out you know I don't know

586
00:23:55,040 --> 00:23:50,670
if you I'm sure you heard this the

587
00:23:58,280 --> 00:23:55,050
recent NASA quote that they think that

588
00:24:00,260 --> 00:23:58,290
every single star most likely as is part

589
00:24:03,410 --> 00:24:00,270
of the solar system has plans which

590
00:24:06,260 --> 00:24:03,420
makes sense total sense really right why

591
00:24:09,830 --> 00:24:06,270
should we be unique yeah yeah myself I

592
00:24:15,170 --> 00:24:09,840
started to ask these questions and and I

593
00:24:17,150 --> 00:24:15,180
wondered how aliens would develop it

594
00:24:19,100 --> 00:24:17,160
doesn't have to be intelligent aliens

595
00:24:22,520 --> 00:24:19,110
but you know I mean there's so many

596
00:24:24,650 --> 00:24:22,530
variables in my thinking that I just

597
00:24:26,930 --> 00:24:24,660
wanted to ask you like for instance say

598
00:24:28,680 --> 00:24:26,940
a planets in the Goldilocks zone it's

599
00:24:31,740 --> 00:24:28,690
going to support life

600
00:24:33,240 --> 00:24:31,750
life somehow comes sparks I don't even

601
00:24:35,880 --> 00:24:33,250
know I mean that's the biggest question

602
00:24:40,260 --> 00:24:35,890
how does it begin to begin with but

603
00:24:46,230 --> 00:24:40,270
anyway um say it has twice a gravity as

604
00:24:47,760 --> 00:24:46,240
earth what is different about a being is

605
00:24:53,400 --> 00:24:47,770
it lower to the ground

606
00:24:56,820 --> 00:24:53,410
Azam I mean the basic the basic premise

607
00:25:00,060 --> 00:24:56,830
is that we have to try to speculate

608
00:25:02,190 --> 00:25:00,070
based on one and only one template that

609
00:25:03,300 --> 00:25:02,200
we have and that's life on earth right

610
00:25:06,600 --> 00:25:03,310
intelligent life on Earth

611
00:25:09,660 --> 00:25:06,610
we're the only template now we have a

612
00:25:13,320 --> 00:25:09,670
skeleton we came from the ocean so

613
00:25:17,040 --> 00:25:13,330
that's why we have skin the skin seals

614
00:25:18,390 --> 00:25:17,050
in the salty water the vestigial ocean

615
00:25:21,390 --> 00:25:18,400
that we carry around with us all the

616
00:25:23,070 --> 00:25:21,400
time that's why you have salty skin it's

617
00:25:26,760 --> 00:25:23,080
because we originated in the ocean

618
00:25:30,120 --> 00:25:26,770
that's the reason so you know if life

619
00:25:32,940 --> 00:25:30,130
elsewhere on another planet for instance

620
00:25:34,950 --> 00:25:32,950
was did not arise are actually out of an

621
00:25:38,280 --> 00:25:34,960
ocean well then they might not have a

622
00:25:40,110 --> 00:25:38,290
skin trapping in the moisture that they

623
00:25:43,890 --> 00:25:40,120
needed from the salt environment they

624
00:25:46,980 --> 00:25:43,900
evolved from we evolved that right and

625
00:25:48,330 --> 00:25:46,990
if there was a planet for instance and

626
00:25:50,160 --> 00:25:48,340
that's just an aside from what you asked

627
00:25:54,480 --> 00:25:50,170
but if there was a planet with higher

628
00:25:58,860 --> 00:25:54,490
gravity um to the inhabitants on that

629
00:26:02,010 --> 00:25:58,870
planet that might not change their their

630
00:26:04,170 --> 00:26:02,020
evolutionary past per se it would just

631
00:26:06,960 --> 00:26:04,180
change the way they developed because

632
00:26:08,670 --> 00:26:06,970
they would develop structures that can

633
00:26:11,730 --> 00:26:08,680
withstand that and to them it would be

634
00:26:15,330 --> 00:26:11,740
perfectly natural for instance in deep

635
00:26:17,700 --> 00:26:15,340
ocean we find at pressures of seven to

636
00:26:20,580 --> 00:26:17,710
ten thousand pounds per square inch of

637
00:26:22,260 --> 00:26:20,590
pressure in the deep ocean we find life

638
00:26:23,700 --> 00:26:22,270
swimming around like nothing but if we

639
00:26:24,420 --> 00:26:23,710
went out there we'd be you know we die

640
00:26:27,270 --> 00:26:24,430
yeah

641
00:26:29,520 --> 00:26:27,280
why because well first of all we have

642
00:26:30,720 --> 00:26:29,530
water and most of our tissues right the

643
00:26:33,240 --> 00:26:30,730
only places we don't have water in our

644
00:26:36,300 --> 00:26:33,250
body are where the lungs and the sinuses

645
00:26:38,370 --> 00:26:36,310
right okay and a little bit in the inner

646
00:26:40,920 --> 00:26:38,380
ear behind the eardrum but behind that

647
00:26:42,600 --> 00:26:40,930
behind beyond that if we were in the

648
00:26:44,970 --> 00:26:42,610
deep ocean we would immediately

649
00:26:46,919 --> 00:26:44,980
our lungs compressed our sinuses would

650
00:26:50,280 --> 00:26:46,929
be pressure pressurized and filled with

651
00:26:53,430 --> 00:26:50,290
water and that would be that that'd be

652
00:26:55,320 --> 00:26:53,440
the end for us obviously but otherwise

653
00:26:58,470 --> 00:26:55,330
we could handle the deep ocean if we

654
00:27:00,799 --> 00:26:58,480
could breathe liquid that was saturated

655
00:27:04,710 --> 00:27:00,809
as the Navy actually did tests with this

656
00:27:07,200 --> 00:27:04,720
liquid and you saw you know a story line

657
00:27:08,340 --> 00:27:07,210
in the abyss of this remember yeah the

658
00:27:10,380 --> 00:27:08,350
story line in the abyss where they

659
00:27:12,419 --> 00:27:10,390
actually breathed this this hyper

660
00:27:15,180 --> 00:27:12,429
saturated oxygen solution and that's

661
00:27:18,530 --> 00:27:15,190
real that was real there was a test done

662
00:27:21,810 --> 00:27:18,540
with Navy people on Navy divers and uh

663
00:27:24,990 --> 00:27:21,820
it was terminated because the it was

664
00:27:27,060 --> 00:27:25,000
hard to get them back I mean they could

665
00:27:28,799 --> 00:27:27,070
end up breathing this liquid saturated

666
00:27:30,900 --> 00:27:28,809
liquid but the problem was getting that

667
00:27:32,370 --> 00:27:30,910
out of your lungs after and they all

668
00:27:33,990 --> 00:27:32,380
ended up with pneumonia you know and it

669
00:27:36,930 --> 00:27:34,000
was a long long recovery so it really

670
00:27:39,450 --> 00:27:36,940
wasn't worth it but the benefit is once

671
00:27:41,700 --> 00:27:39,460
they were in that mode they could drop

672
00:27:43,200 --> 00:27:41,710
right to the bottom of the ocean and it

673
00:27:44,640 --> 00:27:43,210
wouldn't affect them because when you

674
00:27:45,510 --> 00:27:44,650
dive underwater you feel that pressure

675
00:27:47,490 --> 00:27:45,520
yeah

676
00:27:49,830 --> 00:27:47,500
lot of pressures in your ears and in

677
00:27:51,810 --> 00:27:49,840
your sinuses yeah well if you had the

678
00:27:52,770 --> 00:27:51,820
liquid already in there you wouldn't

679
00:27:54,360 --> 00:27:52,780
feel any pressure at all

680
00:27:55,230 --> 00:27:54,370
would you Wow you'd be able to go all

681
00:27:56,820 --> 00:27:55,240
the way to the bottom and it wouldn't

682
00:27:57,180 --> 00:27:56,830
matter if your lungs were full full of

683
00:28:01,890 --> 00:27:57,190
liquid

684
00:28:03,480 --> 00:28:01,900
you wouldn't have any problem and that's

685
00:28:06,810 --> 00:28:03,490
that's what was that that was the

686
00:28:10,169 --> 00:28:06,820
principle behind that but so if I if

687
00:28:12,720 --> 00:28:10,179
alien beings on such a planet were in

688
00:28:16,350 --> 00:28:12,730
say it was an ocean planet and say they

689
00:28:20,030 --> 00:28:16,360
developed some type of ability to do

690
00:28:22,560 --> 00:28:20,040
both land and water transition as we did

691
00:28:27,270 --> 00:28:22,570
we left the ocean and we never went back

692
00:28:29,280 --> 00:28:27,280
as a species but maybe being there and

693
00:28:31,380 --> 00:28:29,290
another planet maybe they actually go

694
00:28:33,330 --> 00:28:31,390
back and forth if they go back and forth

695
00:28:36,240 --> 00:28:33,340
and they would actually develop a way to

696
00:28:38,669 --> 00:28:36,250
be able to you know transition between

697
00:28:40,980 --> 00:28:38,679
say water breather and an air breather

698
00:28:43,500 --> 00:28:40,990
you know maybe their atmospheres thicker

699
00:28:44,820 --> 00:28:43,510
maybe the planet has a bigger atmosphere

700
00:28:47,640 --> 00:28:44,830
because maybe the planet has more

701
00:28:50,370 --> 00:28:47,650
gravity with more gravity bigger

702
00:28:51,380 --> 00:28:50,380
atmosphere would mean more pressure more

703
00:28:54,210 --> 00:28:51,390
pressure means the air is more dense

704
00:28:57,180 --> 00:28:54,220
perhaps at the ground level where they

705
00:29:00,120 --> 00:28:57,190
are and so that dense air might be akin

706
00:29:01,770 --> 00:29:00,130
to the dense water and so maybe that

707
00:29:04,860 --> 00:29:01,780
transition wouldn't be such a big deal

708
00:29:06,660 --> 00:29:04,870
for them whereas for us our air pressure

709
00:29:10,470 --> 00:29:06,670
is fourteen point seven pounds per

710
00:29:12,870 --> 00:29:10,480
square inch that's not terribly crushing

711
00:29:14,190 --> 00:29:12,880
for us because we developed in it but

712
00:29:15,810 --> 00:29:14,200
that's per square inch if you just hold

713
00:29:19,140 --> 00:29:15,820
your fingers into a square inch shape

714
00:29:21,390 --> 00:29:19,150
say Wow fourteen and almost 15 pounds on

715
00:29:23,010 --> 00:29:21,400
every inch of your body's being is being

716
00:29:25,800 --> 00:29:23,020
pressed down by the the weight of the

717
00:29:27,960 --> 00:29:25,810
air will be your head and you got a

718
00:29:30,240 --> 00:29:27,970
wonder you know how could we develop at

719
00:29:31,740 --> 00:29:30,250
all can you think of those pressures if

720
00:29:35,490 --> 00:29:31,750
you put for fifteen pounds of pressure

721
00:29:38,160 --> 00:29:35,500
on on anything you know it's gonna feel

722
00:29:39,300 --> 00:29:38,170
it well but that's in addition to the

723
00:29:41,640 --> 00:29:39,310
fifteen pounds had already developed

724
00:29:43,110 --> 00:29:41,650
with C so we developed in this

725
00:29:44,760 --> 00:29:43,120
environment deep ocean creatures

726
00:29:47,190 --> 00:29:44,770
developed in that environment so the

727
00:29:50,850 --> 00:29:47,200
pressure means nothing to them ya see uh

728
00:29:53,220 --> 00:29:50,860
ya know okay so I guess I will word up

729
00:29:58,590 --> 00:29:53,230
questions like to say there was a

730
00:30:02,160 --> 00:29:58,600
similar have a you know evolution to our

731
00:30:06,780 --> 00:30:02,170
planets a species began very similar to

732
00:30:08,790 --> 00:30:06,790
the way we begin but uh that let's just

733
00:30:13,800 --> 00:30:08,800
throw a couple of variables like how

734
00:30:17,070 --> 00:30:13,810
much did the moon pitch into where we

735
00:30:18,810 --> 00:30:17,080
are as humans the moon played a

736
00:30:22,620 --> 00:30:18,820
tremendous role in what we are but don't

737
00:30:25,320 --> 00:30:22,630
forget that if the moon didn't exist we

738
00:30:26,840 --> 00:30:25,330
might still exist but it would be

739
00:30:31,560 --> 00:30:26,850
different I'll tell you why

740
00:30:35,310 --> 00:30:31,570
the moon gives us those huge tides that

741
00:30:36,660 --> 00:30:35,320
we see now it you know as the moon goes

742
00:30:38,730 --> 00:30:36,670
around the earth you hear there's a

743
00:30:40,410 --> 00:30:38,740
there's a tidal bulge that occurs from

744
00:30:42,390 --> 00:30:40,420
the action just the spinning of the

745
00:30:44,160 --> 00:30:42,400
earth but because the water is also

746
00:30:47,010 --> 00:30:44,170
being tugged on by the moon you get that

747
00:30:49,020 --> 00:30:47,020
that ocean oceanic bulge that's what

748
00:30:50,820 --> 00:30:49,030
causes the tides we see that very

749
00:30:53,280 --> 00:30:50,830
dramatically in the Bay of Fundy where

750
00:30:56,150 --> 00:30:53,290
the tides can vary by 20-something feet

751
00:31:00,050 --> 00:30:56,160
or more you know at every time there's a

752
00:31:03,180 --> 00:31:00,060
tidal shift now that that effect okay

753
00:31:04,330 --> 00:31:03,190
has the following heavy falling effect

754
00:31:07,630 --> 00:31:04,340
on any life

755
00:31:10,470 --> 00:31:07,640
in those shallows when the moon is in

756
00:31:13,300 --> 00:31:10,480
the right place and the tide goes out

757
00:31:17,590 --> 00:31:13,310
life-forms that are normally Gill

758
00:31:20,680 --> 00:31:17,600
breathing fish might be left behind in a

759
00:31:24,340 --> 00:31:20,690
small tidal pool and over millions of

760
00:31:26,590 --> 00:31:24,350
years they might develop a way to

761
00:31:28,770 --> 00:31:26,600
contend with that should the pool dry

762
00:31:31,030 --> 00:31:28,780
out before the tide came back in and

763
00:31:36,820 --> 00:31:31,040
that's exactly what happened

764
00:31:38,710 --> 00:31:36,830
so the moon allowed us to evolve out of

765
00:31:42,780 --> 00:31:38,720
the ocean because it created these

766
00:31:45,900 --> 00:31:42,790
expansive areas of partially dry land

767
00:31:48,070 --> 00:31:45,910
which still had living creatures in it

768
00:31:49,750 --> 00:31:48,080
and certain creatures when you look in

769
00:31:51,880 --> 00:31:49,760
the tidal pool now you say well those

770
00:31:54,250 --> 00:31:51,890
things couldn't survive without water or

771
00:31:57,310 --> 00:31:54,260
not of course right but that because

772
00:31:59,440 --> 00:31:57,320
that's that species but you have to look

773
00:32:00,400 --> 00:31:59,450
at the fact that that wasn't the species

774
00:32:03,070 --> 00:32:00,410
that came out of the water

775
00:32:04,540 --> 00:32:03,080
why cause it's still there you know it

776
00:32:07,450 --> 00:32:04,550
has to have to go beyond it you have to

777
00:32:09,670 --> 00:32:07,460
take into account that the tidal pools

778
00:32:13,420 --> 00:32:09,680
that were created by the moon exposed

779
00:32:18,250 --> 00:32:13,430
other life-forms that are no longer here

780
00:32:19,780 --> 00:32:18,260
in the same way to the air and it made

781
00:32:22,000 --> 00:32:19,790
it easier for that transition to occur

782
00:32:25,060 --> 00:32:22,010
but let's look at what happens if the

783
00:32:28,930 --> 00:32:25,070
moon's gone if the moon was gone we

784
00:32:34,030 --> 00:32:28,940
would still get tides and we're you know

785
00:32:36,880 --> 00:32:34,040
uh yes from either from the earth

786
00:32:39,310 --> 00:32:36,890
rotating or from the Sun possibly both

787
00:32:43,000 --> 00:32:39,320
you're right the rotation of the earth

788
00:32:45,070 --> 00:32:43,010
causes a lag behind of water and that

789
00:32:47,800 --> 00:32:45,080
actually would cause a small tidal

790
00:32:50,080 --> 00:32:47,810
change but there would be an equilibrium

791
00:32:52,390 --> 00:32:50,090
reached you know as that rotation occurs

792
00:32:56,550 --> 00:32:52,400
at some point but the Sun is there and

793
00:33:00,130 --> 00:32:56,560
the Sun cause smaller but still

794
00:33:02,170 --> 00:33:00,140
effective tides is it actually cause any

795
00:33:04,450 --> 00:33:02,180
type of tidal change now yes it does

796
00:33:07,090 --> 00:33:04,460
uh-huh the Sun causes the Sun and the

797
00:33:10,780 --> 00:33:07,100
moon together cause the tides they sum

798
00:33:13,840 --> 00:33:10,790
their components together now the Sun is

799
00:33:16,900 --> 00:33:13,850
400 times farther away than the moon so

800
00:33:17,950 --> 00:33:16,910
obviously it's going to have a lesser

801
00:33:21,130 --> 00:33:17,960
effect but it's

802
00:33:24,310 --> 00:33:21,140
also almost a million miles across and

803
00:33:27,340 --> 00:33:24,320
it's very very massive comparatively to

804
00:33:30,789 --> 00:33:27,350
the moon so its effect is not equal to

805
00:33:35,680 --> 00:33:30,799
the moon at all but it's far less but we

806
00:33:38,289 --> 00:33:35,690
will see a tide that is due to the moon

807
00:33:41,860 --> 00:33:38,299
immense or due to the Sun and that would

808
00:33:44,460 --> 00:33:41,870
also promote tidal flats smaller ones

809
00:33:46,389 --> 00:33:44,470
but it's possible that it be enough to

810
00:33:49,029 --> 00:33:46,399
allow us to have come out of the water

811
00:33:50,470 --> 00:33:49,039
so without a moon it's possible that we

812
00:33:52,840 --> 00:33:50,480
could have still developed both that

813
00:33:54,519 --> 00:33:52,850
might have taken us longer and so we

814
00:33:55,750 --> 00:33:54,529
have to say well if it took us longer

815
00:33:58,810 --> 00:33:55,760
what would that mean for us it would

816
00:34:00,250 --> 00:33:58,820
mean that we wouldn't have gotten out of

817
00:34:04,779 --> 00:34:00,260
the water wouldn't have left the ocean

818
00:34:06,519 --> 00:34:04,789
uh for perhaps another half a million a

819
00:34:08,169 --> 00:34:06,529
million years maybe two minutes to mean

820
00:34:10,149 --> 00:34:08,179
two million or three million years and

821
00:34:12,280 --> 00:34:10,159
that would change everything about how

822
00:34:15,339 --> 00:34:12,290
we develop perhaps we may still have a

823
00:34:17,560 --> 00:34:15,349
skin but with with a vestigial ocean

824
00:34:20,260 --> 00:34:17,570
inside but we might have changed we

825
00:34:21,820 --> 00:34:20,270
might be it might be different now what

826
00:34:23,800 --> 00:34:21,830
is that different watch any science

827
00:34:25,899 --> 00:34:23,810
fiction movie okay and this the

828
00:34:27,490 --> 00:34:25,909
speculation is there you can see that

829
00:34:31,300 --> 00:34:27,500
that that you know there's a million

830
00:34:33,550 --> 00:34:31,310
different answers but the I just think

831
00:34:36,220 --> 00:34:33,560
that without the moon we would still see

832
00:34:39,250 --> 00:34:36,230
the tides but not nearly as much and the

833
00:34:42,389 --> 00:34:39,260
possibility to achieve that exit from

834
00:34:44,619 --> 00:34:42,399
the water is still present now what

835
00:34:48,010 --> 00:34:44,629
there are different types of Suns

836
00:34:50,710 --> 00:34:48,020
different types of stars yes and what

837
00:34:55,780 --> 00:34:50,720
difference would a different type of

838
00:34:58,329 --> 00:34:55,790
star make on evolution very good

839
00:35:01,540 --> 00:34:58,339
question and and again we only have

840
00:35:04,839 --> 00:35:01,550
ourselves as templates to speculate but

841
00:35:07,630 --> 00:35:04,849
it's okay we can speculate our Sun is a

842
00:35:09,280 --> 00:35:07,640
type G star it puts out you know a

843
00:35:11,829 --> 00:35:09,290
certain amount of energy energy that

844
00:35:14,620 --> 00:35:11,839
we've come to live with it has solar

845
00:35:16,839 --> 00:35:14,630
flares that come out sometimes and you

846
00:35:18,550 --> 00:35:16,849
know hit us in in the polar regions and

847
00:35:20,349 --> 00:35:18,560
spiral down through the North Pole the

848
00:35:23,020 --> 00:35:20,359
reason it does that is because we have a

849
00:35:24,849 --> 00:35:23,030
magnetic field now a magnetic field on

850
00:35:27,609 --> 00:35:24,859
our planet is very very important

851
00:35:30,400 --> 00:35:27,619
without a magnetic field we would not be

852
00:35:32,170 --> 00:35:30,410
here because a magnetic field traps out

853
00:35:36,040 --> 00:35:32,180
all the dangerous part of

854
00:35:38,700 --> 00:35:36,050
and different types of Suns have

855
00:35:43,320 --> 00:35:38,710
different amounts of radiative

856
00:35:46,270 --> 00:35:43,330
explosions and outbursts now the most

857
00:35:49,930 --> 00:35:46,280
the most prolific star in the universe

858
00:35:53,220 --> 00:35:49,940
okay in our galaxy and in the universe

859
00:35:55,930 --> 00:35:53,230
are these what are called m-type stars

860
00:35:57,970 --> 00:35:55,940
you heard about one recently with the

861
00:36:00,550 --> 00:35:57,980
Trappist one discovery right Trappist

862
00:36:02,440 --> 00:36:00,560
one right seven planets all of them

863
00:36:05,520 --> 00:36:02,450
closer to their Sun than mercury is to

864
00:36:07,660 --> 00:36:05,530
the Sun to our Sun now that sounds like

865
00:36:10,840 --> 00:36:07,670
not a whole you know not a lot of

866
00:36:14,530 --> 00:36:10,850
possibilities except that star puts out

867
00:36:18,310 --> 00:36:14,540
point zero eight percent okay eight 100

868
00:36:20,140 --> 00:36:18,320
of the energy that our Sun puts out it's

869
00:36:21,700 --> 00:36:20,150
a much smaller star it's called an ultra

870
00:36:23,740 --> 00:36:21,710
cool red dwarf

871
00:36:25,660 --> 00:36:23,750
now it's ultra cool as in whoa that's

872
00:36:28,750 --> 00:36:25,670
cool but it's also ultra cool as in

873
00:36:30,340 --> 00:36:28,760
temperature all right so that ultra cool

874
00:36:31,990 --> 00:36:30,350
temperature means that the habitable

875
00:36:33,550 --> 00:36:32,000
zone that zone where liquid water could

876
00:36:36,630 --> 00:36:33,560
be present on the surface of the planets

877
00:36:40,950 --> 00:36:36,640
is that much closer to its star and

878
00:36:44,380 --> 00:36:40,960
three of those seven planets are in that

879
00:36:48,040 --> 00:36:44,390
Goldilocks zone around that star now it

880
00:36:49,570 --> 00:36:48,050
has to be said that there's caveats and

881
00:36:51,400 --> 00:36:49,580
this is another thing that you would

882
00:36:52,840 --> 00:36:51,410
have to ask about how could life develop

883
00:36:54,730 --> 00:36:52,850
if this was going to happen certain

884
00:36:58,960 --> 00:36:54,740
things and this there's one certain

885
00:37:01,090 --> 00:36:58,970
thing that is part and parcel with

886
00:37:04,030 --> 00:37:01,100
having planets very close to their star

887
00:37:06,790 --> 00:37:04,040
like this their title II locked to the

888
00:37:09,370 --> 00:37:06,800
planet so they don't turn that they do

889
00:37:11,260 --> 00:37:09,380
but only once per orbit around this

890
00:37:13,390 --> 00:37:11,270
letter so that effectively means that

891
00:37:16,750 --> 00:37:13,400
they have the same face facing the star

892
00:37:19,090 --> 00:37:16,760
the whole time now like our moon is

893
00:37:22,000 --> 00:37:19,100
gonna say just exactly like I move but

894
00:37:25,810 --> 00:37:22,010
here's the neat thing about that if life

895
00:37:28,030 --> 00:37:25,820
could exist on that permanent that that

896
00:37:31,000 --> 00:37:28,040
permanent Sun and permanent dark type

897
00:37:34,270 --> 00:37:31,010
planet just imagine a vacation you could

898
00:37:37,060 --> 00:37:34,280
have tropical paradise you can go to a

899
00:37:38,680 --> 00:37:37,070
beautiful sunset all the time every

900
00:37:39,730 --> 00:37:38,690
single day day and day out you have

901
00:37:42,580 --> 00:37:39,740
beautiful sunsets

902
00:37:43,690 --> 00:37:42,590
alright because the Sun is always there

903
00:37:45,400 --> 00:37:43,700
on the edge it's always there it's

904
00:37:47,320 --> 00:37:45,410
always a beautiful sunset you

905
00:37:48,940 --> 00:37:47,330
take pictures forever and then you say

906
00:37:50,860 --> 00:37:48,950
want to go to do a star to where you

907
00:37:52,440 --> 00:37:50,870
want to go to a Observatory well you can

908
00:37:55,240 --> 00:37:52,450
just go on the dark side of the planet

909
00:37:57,430 --> 00:37:55,250
okay and you could go to an observatory

910
00:38:00,550 --> 00:37:57,440
there and just observe the Stars the

911
00:38:02,110 --> 00:38:00,560
issue though is that these stars because

912
00:38:04,600 --> 00:38:02,120
they're so low output in the planets are

913
00:38:07,180 --> 00:38:04,610
so close the planets go around them in a

914
00:38:09,850 --> 00:38:07,190
period of a couple days the longest for

915
00:38:12,040 --> 00:38:09,860
Trappist one is something like 120 22 or

916
00:38:13,480 --> 00:38:12,050
23 days I think the outermost planet it

917
00:38:17,140 --> 00:38:13,490
takes to go around and start so it's

918
00:38:18,520 --> 00:38:17,150
year right is only a few days long right

919
00:38:21,040 --> 00:38:18,530
the time it takes to go around the Sun

920
00:38:22,600 --> 00:38:21,050
once there's their star so if you're

921
00:38:24,310 --> 00:38:22,610
looking at a telescope and you're

922
00:38:25,930 --> 00:38:24,320
watching say well one of the other

923
00:38:28,120 --> 00:38:25,940
planets where it goes around like and

924
00:38:30,370 --> 00:38:28,130
just say nine days your telescope would

925
00:38:31,780 --> 00:38:30,380
visibly be moving as its tracking the

926
00:38:33,550 --> 00:38:31,790
Stars because you'll be looking overhead

927
00:38:35,920 --> 00:38:33,560
and you'd see the Stars changing their

928
00:38:37,840 --> 00:38:35,930
position constantly well that the star

929
00:38:40,540 --> 00:38:37,850
is moving against themselves but you

930
00:38:42,010 --> 00:38:40,550
know your sky would be moving because

931
00:38:46,450 --> 00:38:42,020
your year is progressing right before

932
00:38:49,270 --> 00:38:46,460
your eyes that's really cool yeah now in

933
00:38:53,200 --> 00:38:49,280
this particular case say something's

934
00:38:55,690 --> 00:38:53,210
locked like that would it possibly have

935
00:38:59,980 --> 00:38:55,700
just a small strip of an area that would

936
00:39:02,920 --> 00:38:59,990
actually be habitable for certain beings

937
00:39:06,820 --> 00:39:02,930
that that's it that's a good point in

938
00:39:09,160 --> 00:39:06,830
the tropical zone say the perpetual

939
00:39:11,620 --> 00:39:09,170
noontime there might be a certain type

940
00:39:14,070 --> 00:39:11,630
of life that's always present there if

941
00:39:17,800 --> 00:39:14,080
life could form at all perhaps it's

942
00:39:21,100 --> 00:39:17,810
deserted and air in arid because of

943
00:39:22,780 --> 00:39:21,110
billions of years of arid you know or

944
00:39:25,510 --> 00:39:22,790
millions of years over 100 million years

945
00:39:29,440 --> 00:39:25,520
of arid sunlight you know and then

946
00:39:32,740 --> 00:39:29,450
tropical effect but then in a temperate

947
00:39:34,150 --> 00:39:32,750
zone near the sunset side there might be

948
00:39:36,880 --> 00:39:34,160
a narrow band all the way around the

949
00:39:39,100 --> 00:39:36,890
planet in that area where the Sun is

950
00:39:41,230 --> 00:39:39,110
always about 20 degrees above the

951
00:39:45,010 --> 00:39:41,240
horizon or 30 degrees above the horizon

952
00:39:47,050 --> 00:39:45,020
and it might be that zone where from

953
00:39:49,990 --> 00:39:47,060
there to the near the dark side to the

954
00:39:53,410 --> 00:39:50,000
sunset side there might be that narrow

955
00:39:56,500 --> 00:39:53,420
band of prolific life of a certain kind

956
00:39:57,940 --> 00:39:56,510
uh-huh I just remembered that a lot of

957
00:39:58,480 --> 00:39:57,950
times we get some questions up in our

958
00:40:02,859 --> 00:39:58,490
forum and

959
00:40:07,990 --> 00:40:02,869
going to go into that in a minute oh now

960
00:40:11,650 --> 00:40:08,000
if the one question that I think

961
00:40:14,230 --> 00:40:11,660
scientists always tried to answer is how

962
00:40:16,900 --> 00:40:14,240
does life begin you know because we're

963
00:40:19,480 --> 00:40:16,910
talking about alien life so we again we

964
00:40:23,440 --> 00:40:19,490
can only go by what happened here but

965
00:40:26,830 --> 00:40:23,450
still we have no idea how how it begins

966
00:40:30,370 --> 00:40:26,840
yeah I mean the closest we can come to

967
00:40:32,700 --> 00:40:30,380
figuring that out comes with looking at

968
00:40:35,010 --> 00:40:32,710
the experiment that was done in the

969
00:40:40,270 --> 00:40:35,020
early 50s called the miller-urey

970
00:40:42,730 --> 00:40:40,280
experiment these two scientists put in a

971
00:40:45,310 --> 00:40:42,740
glass flask that contained gases that

972
00:40:49,630 --> 00:40:45,320
were considered to be the components of

973
00:40:51,220 --> 00:40:49,640
the primordial atmosphere they had

974
00:40:53,230 --> 00:40:51,230
moisture and water in the in the bottom

975
00:40:55,390 --> 00:40:53,240
of the flask like a primordial like a

976
00:40:58,300 --> 00:40:55,400
primordial ocean and they had a

977
00:41:00,730 --> 00:40:58,310
electrode constantly doing a flash you

978
00:41:02,859 --> 00:41:00,740
know like lightning and they just let

979
00:41:04,240 --> 00:41:02,869
that go at the end of a week when they

980
00:41:06,490 --> 00:41:04,250
looked at it they found that they had

981
00:41:08,070 --> 00:41:06,500
created amino acids and a meal amino

982
00:41:13,270 --> 00:41:08,080
acids are the building blocks of life

983
00:41:15,670 --> 00:41:13,280
now that happened by itself now in

984
00:41:17,620 --> 00:41:15,680
addition to those building blocks of

985
00:41:19,450 --> 00:41:17,630
life being created by the earth itself

986
00:41:20,890 --> 00:41:19,460
that shows that the earth itself could

987
00:41:24,220 --> 00:41:20,900
with lightning striking the ocean

988
00:41:27,310 --> 00:41:24,230
lightning striking on the land um in

989
00:41:30,070 --> 00:41:27,320
addition we had comets bringing tons and

990
00:41:33,190 --> 00:41:30,080
tons of water lots of amino acids as

991
00:41:35,590 --> 00:41:33,200
well as meteorites bringing lots of

992
00:41:37,720 --> 00:41:35,600
amino acids we know this for a fact the

993
00:41:40,540 --> 00:41:37,730
Murchison meteorite they that came to

994
00:41:42,790 --> 00:41:40,550
earth was full of amino acids and the

995
00:41:45,310 --> 00:41:42,800
miller-urey experiment was deemed a

996
00:41:48,310 --> 00:41:45,320
success because they found a few amino

997
00:41:50,230 --> 00:41:48,320
acids at the end of that week but 50

998
00:41:52,450 --> 00:41:50,240
years later those vials were pulled out

999
00:41:54,490 --> 00:41:52,460
again and examined they found 22

1000
00:41:56,380 --> 00:41:54,500
additional amino acids that they hadn't

1001
00:41:59,730 --> 00:41:56,390
been able to detect at the time so this

1002
00:42:04,359 --> 00:41:59,740
shows that these building blocks of life

1003
00:42:06,670 --> 00:42:04,369
really can form by themselves now the

1004
00:42:09,280 --> 00:42:06,680
question about what gives the spark of

1005
00:42:11,080 --> 00:42:09,290
life I mean well there you go I mean

1006
00:42:12,460 --> 00:42:11,090
that's a question for theologians and

1007
00:42:15,780 --> 00:42:12,470
scholars that goes

1008
00:42:18,700 --> 00:42:15,790
far beyond this show and no one knows

1009
00:42:21,190 --> 00:42:18,710
and I'm content with that because as a

1010
00:42:24,460 --> 00:42:21,200
science person I tend to think that it's

1011
00:42:25,960 --> 00:42:24,470
important to examine everything we can

1012
00:42:28,300 --> 00:42:25,970
put our hands on it and talk about

1013
00:42:30,280 --> 00:42:28,310
directly like for instance the iridium

1014
00:42:32,380 --> 00:42:30,290
layer on the planet Earth

1015
00:42:35,620 --> 00:42:32,390
iridium is an element in the periodic

1016
00:42:39,070 --> 00:42:35,630
table obviously and it's it's a very

1017
00:42:42,280 --> 00:42:39,080
rare it's heavier than iron right by a

1018
00:42:44,920 --> 00:42:42,290
longshot and you know iron constitutes a

1019
00:42:47,230 --> 00:42:44,930
lot of the Earth's crust right so when

1020
00:42:49,750 --> 00:42:47,240
the earth was molten any iridium that

1021
00:42:52,720 --> 00:42:49,760
was on the earth would with it but it's

1022
00:42:54,460 --> 00:42:52,730
called differentiation the iron would be

1023
00:42:56,260 --> 00:42:54,470
all molten sitting there and then this

1024
00:42:58,960 --> 00:42:56,270
iridium would basically sink to the

1025
00:43:01,780 --> 00:42:58,970
bottom and go farther down deeper down

1026
00:43:04,180 --> 00:43:01,790
so during differentiation that time when

1027
00:43:06,190 --> 00:43:04,190
the earth was cooling all the iridium

1028
00:43:07,960 --> 00:43:06,200
that was present would have gone far out

1029
00:43:11,980 --> 00:43:07,970
of sight so to speak we wouldn't have

1030
00:43:14,020 --> 00:43:11,990
seen it but in a certain layer of

1031
00:43:17,950 --> 00:43:14,030
sediments found all over the world they

1032
00:43:20,980 --> 00:43:17,960
found a trace layer of this iridium why

1033
00:43:22,780 --> 00:43:20,990
were to come from that was the cue that

1034
00:43:27,190 --> 00:43:22,790
was the that was the the coolest little

1035
00:43:30,070 --> 00:43:27,200
clue all right that Luis Alvarez and and

1036
00:43:33,130 --> 00:43:30,080
his son actually used to figure out that

1037
00:43:35,680 --> 00:43:33,140
and two other people actually - but they

1038
00:43:38,760 --> 00:43:35,690
figured out that that was probably from

1039
00:43:41,470 --> 00:43:38,770
an interstellar interloper okay or a

1040
00:43:44,160 --> 00:43:41,480
interloper like an asteroid that hit the

1041
00:43:46,180 --> 00:43:44,170
earth and that could explain the

1042
00:43:49,660 --> 00:43:46,190
eliminations of dinosaurs because that

1043
00:43:52,150 --> 00:43:49,670
happened at the Cretaceous and they used

1044
00:43:55,359 --> 00:43:52,160
to call tertiary not paleo gene the

1045
00:43:57,670 --> 00:43:55,369
Cretaceous Paleogene boundary 65 million

1046
00:44:00,120 --> 00:43:57,680
years ago that's when the asteroid hit

1047
00:44:02,440 --> 00:44:00,130
and destroyed the dinosaurs now

1048
00:44:04,030 --> 00:44:02,450
everybody has this illusion that the

1049
00:44:06,070 --> 00:44:04,040
dinosaurs were killed instantly by this

1050
00:44:06,540 --> 00:44:06,080
gigantic fireball that's not what

1051
00:44:09,280 --> 00:44:06,550
happened

1052
00:44:11,230 --> 00:44:09,290
in fact most of the dinosaurs that were

1053
00:44:12,700 --> 00:44:11,240
alive on the earth never even saw hit

1054
00:44:14,920 --> 00:44:12,710
and never even knew what happened all

1055
00:44:16,930 --> 00:44:14,930
they knew was that the sky just kept was

1056
00:44:19,599 --> 00:44:16,940
getting darker there was not a lot of

1057
00:44:22,210 --> 00:44:19,609
Sun and the plants are dying and then

1058
00:44:24,609 --> 00:44:22,220
those that ate plants a mio star and

1059
00:44:26,309 --> 00:44:24,619
those that ate the plant eaters starve

1060
00:44:28,109 --> 00:44:26,319
and that's what changed

1061
00:44:30,870 --> 00:44:28,119
took thousands of years for that effect

1062
00:44:33,449 --> 00:44:30,880
to occur so it was an instant yeah there

1063
00:44:34,650 --> 00:44:33,459
wasn't instant all the years yeah so I

1064
00:44:37,349 --> 00:44:34,660
was one of those people that thought it

1065
00:44:39,239 --> 00:44:37,359
was more along the instant yeah okay but

1066
00:44:42,660 --> 00:44:39,249
you're not alone and that's not nothing

1067
00:44:45,089 --> 00:44:42,670
to be you know to feel you know

1068
00:44:46,829 --> 00:44:45,099
uneducated about because it was actually

1069
00:44:47,969 --> 00:44:46,839
drummed into our heads the asteroid

1070
00:44:50,059 --> 00:44:47,979
killed the dinosaurs

1071
00:44:52,349 --> 00:44:50,069
yeah and so you think wow that was quick

1072
00:44:55,459 --> 00:44:52,359
you know but it wasn't I mean it was a

1073
00:44:56,640 --> 00:44:55,469
long time that was a long long you know

1074
00:44:59,459 --> 00:44:56,650
event

1075
00:45:02,069 --> 00:44:59,469
so would you speculate then with our

1076
00:45:04,380 --> 00:45:02,079
five or six extinction massive

1077
00:45:08,609 --> 00:45:04,390
extinction events is it five or five

1078
00:45:11,309 --> 00:45:08,619
yeah 5 would you expect that an alien

1079
00:45:12,660 --> 00:45:11,319
planet would have extinct extinction

1080
00:45:13,799 --> 00:45:12,670
events interesting you should ask that

1081
00:45:16,079 --> 00:45:13,809
because that's where I was going with

1082
00:45:17,489 --> 00:45:16,089
this and we talked about it you know

1083
00:45:20,130 --> 00:45:17,499
extinctions like that you know

1084
00:45:22,019 --> 00:45:20,140
Cretaceous Paleogene extinction than 65

1085
00:45:23,370 --> 00:45:22,029
million years asteroid hit basically

1086
00:45:27,989 --> 00:45:23,380
though that's the one they found off the

1087
00:45:30,660 --> 00:45:27,999
Yucatan you know Peninsula that that

1088
00:45:33,509 --> 00:45:30,670
event kindness is a recent one that we

1089
00:45:35,579 --> 00:45:33,519
could tell but it's one of four others

1090
00:45:37,859 --> 00:45:35,589
that occurred on the planet and there's

1091
00:45:39,870 --> 00:45:37,869
also another period of time on this

1092
00:45:42,239 --> 00:45:39,880
planet when the earth was a frozen

1093
00:45:44,789 --> 00:45:42,249
snowball it was called the snowball

1094
00:45:48,329 --> 00:45:44,799
earth and it actually was fully

1095
00:45:50,400 --> 00:45:48,339
glaciated everywhere everywhere 100% and

1096
00:45:53,729 --> 00:45:50,410
that you know how do we get out of that

1097
00:45:55,199 --> 00:45:53,739
well again the earth is very dynamic the

1098
00:45:57,689 --> 00:45:55,209
Sun is very dynamic this is when the Sun

1099
00:45:59,640 --> 00:45:57,699
was younger so there was a lot a lot of

1100
00:46:02,069 --> 00:45:59,650
changes going on and so the earth went

1101
00:46:03,539 --> 00:46:02,079
through this evolution of its own you

1102
00:46:07,789 --> 00:46:03,549
know and this is this what happened now

1103
00:46:10,499 --> 00:46:07,799
if we look at what would happen if say

1104
00:46:13,769 --> 00:46:10,509
all five of these extinctions did not

1105
00:46:16,949 --> 00:46:13,779
occur what if the great Permian dying in

1106
00:46:20,549 --> 00:46:16,959
the Permian era uh you know ninety-eight

1107
00:46:23,339 --> 00:46:20,559
percent of all organisms were killed

1108
00:46:28,170 --> 00:46:23,349
species and we have to care about saying

1109
00:46:31,049 --> 00:46:28,180
animals or just species and then that

1110
00:46:33,689 --> 00:46:31,059
left a hole in the evolutionary record

1111
00:46:35,640 --> 00:46:33,699
right the evolutionary possibilities now

1112
00:46:38,189 --> 00:46:35,650
opened up for more animals to fill in

1113
00:46:40,140 --> 00:46:38,199
and evolved from there when the

1114
00:46:42,510 --> 00:46:40,150
Cretaceous Paleogene event occurred and

1115
00:46:44,730 --> 00:46:42,520
asteroid hit you know way up there in

1116
00:46:48,260 --> 00:46:44,740
recent history which is 65 million years

1117
00:46:51,109 --> 00:46:48,270
ago to us that left a gigantic hole and

1118
00:46:55,260 --> 00:46:51,119
little tiny mammals the size of a shrew

1119
00:46:57,870 --> 00:46:55,270
were selected for success and they

1120
00:46:59,940 --> 00:46:57,880
blossom and that's it that that started

1121
00:47:03,079 --> 00:46:59,950
the whole next phase and then from all

1122
00:47:05,789 --> 00:47:03,089
those various animals that did survive

1123
00:47:08,549 --> 00:47:05,799
here come us now and we look this way

1124
00:47:10,109 --> 00:47:08,559
but if any one of those extinction

1125
00:47:13,289 --> 00:47:10,119
events on our planet didn't occur

1126
00:47:14,730 --> 00:47:13,299
exactly as it had we wouldn't be here

1127
00:47:17,010 --> 00:47:14,740
like this we would have been different

1128
00:47:18,720 --> 00:47:17,020
something would have been different it's

1129
00:47:22,319 --> 00:47:18,730
fun as heck to speculate about what that

1130
00:47:26,670 --> 00:47:22,329
might be okay and I say in my book which

1131
00:47:28,410 --> 00:47:26,680
I where I talk about this I say if if if

1132
00:47:29,519 --> 00:47:28,420
dinosaurs didn't die then perhaps we'd

1133
00:47:31,799 --> 00:47:29,529
be sitting here with yellow eyes

1134
00:47:34,349 --> 00:47:31,809
admiring our reptilian scales or

1135
00:47:36,089 --> 00:47:34,359
something I don't know you know but you

1136
00:47:38,190 --> 00:47:36,099
know and I mean there were a couple

1137
00:47:40,380 --> 00:47:38,200
dinosaurs that actually we're increasing

1138
00:47:43,970 --> 00:47:40,390
their brain capacity at a fairly high

1139
00:47:46,650 --> 00:47:43,980
rate right a lot of those you know those

1140
00:47:49,769 --> 00:47:46,660
dinosaurs was a couple that we're

1141
00:47:51,359 --> 00:47:49,779
actually really accelerating their their

1142
00:47:54,150 --> 00:47:51,369
brain capacity and that's how we measure

1143
00:47:56,099 --> 00:47:54,160
intelligence for us but you know it's

1144
00:47:57,539 --> 00:47:56,109
cranial capacity and the ability to you

1145
00:47:59,210 --> 00:47:57,549
know that the folds and convolutions in

1146
00:48:02,599 --> 00:47:59,220
the brain are thought to actually

1147
00:48:05,519 --> 00:48:02,609
contribute to intelligence and so forth

1148
00:48:07,140 --> 00:48:05,529
but you know dinosaur brains are very

1149
00:48:10,200 --> 00:48:07,150
small so the likelihood of them ever

1150
00:48:10,980 --> 00:48:10,210
becoming truly intelligent may not have

1151
00:48:15,480 --> 00:48:10,990
been there and you gotta remember

1152
00:48:18,960 --> 00:48:15,490
intelligence is not a destination it's

1153
00:48:20,849 --> 00:48:18,970
not an endpoint okay it's a journey and

1154
00:48:22,349 --> 00:48:20,859
you may never get there okay there's a

1155
00:48:24,690 --> 00:48:22,359
lot of branches that take you down dead

1156
00:48:27,210 --> 00:48:24,700
ends and what about dolphins for one

1157
00:48:30,329 --> 00:48:27,220
dolphins are very intelligent we're the

1158
00:48:32,339 --> 00:48:30,339
second most intelligent a mammal right

1159
00:48:34,200 --> 00:48:32,349
yeah and they have brains nearly our

1160
00:48:35,039 --> 00:48:34,210
size if not bigger actually but they

1161
00:48:37,740 --> 00:48:35,049
don't have thumbs

1162
00:48:39,750 --> 00:48:37,750
they don't have opposing alright now

1163
00:48:43,440 --> 00:48:39,760
let's think about that does that mean

1164
00:48:45,990 --> 00:48:43,450
that dolphins can't reason you know

1165
00:48:47,670 --> 00:48:46,000
because they don't have say I'm not talk

1166
00:48:50,370 --> 00:48:47,680
about the thumbs okay you don't need

1167
00:48:52,319 --> 00:48:50,380
thumbs to reason okay any thumbs go yay

1168
00:48:52,890 --> 00:48:52,329
you know but but you do need thumbs for

1169
00:48:55,049 --> 00:48:52,900
for grab

1170
00:48:57,359 --> 00:48:55,059
okay that's what primates do that's what

1171
00:49:00,440 --> 00:48:57,369
we do we're primates and so if you think

1172
00:49:04,319 --> 00:49:00,450
about the dolphin the dolphin is a sleek

1173
00:49:07,470 --> 00:49:04,329
creature that has nothing but flippers

1174
00:49:09,690 --> 00:49:07,480
those flippers on other animals other

1175
00:49:11,609 --> 00:49:09,700
species that develop differently onto

1176
00:49:15,809 --> 00:49:11,619
the land those flippers became stubs

1177
00:49:17,819 --> 00:49:15,819
those stubs became forearms okay and the

1178
00:49:22,049 --> 00:49:17,829
flippers evolved into tails and learnt

1179
00:49:24,450 --> 00:49:22,059
into legs you know and so in the other

1180
00:49:26,400 --> 00:49:24,460
the other fins so there's there's a lot

1181
00:49:29,190 --> 00:49:26,410
of ways that you see life can develop

1182
00:49:30,450 --> 00:49:29,200
and dolphins right now they're at

1183
00:49:32,970 --> 00:49:30,460
whatever point they are in their

1184
00:49:35,220 --> 00:49:32,980
evolution they're very intelligent

1185
00:49:36,980 --> 00:49:35,230
comparatively when you look at them with

1186
00:49:39,690 --> 00:49:36,990
other animals compared to other animals

1187
00:49:41,700 --> 00:49:39,700
but where they are is where they are

1188
00:49:43,470 --> 00:49:41,710
where will they be in a million years I

1189
00:49:46,829 --> 00:49:43,480
don't know will they be intelligent

1190
00:49:48,809 --> 00:49:46,839
maybe maybe not we don't know but again

1191
00:49:51,690 --> 00:49:48,819
you have to look at where they've been

1192
00:49:53,819 --> 00:49:51,700
and how they've increased there or how

1193
00:49:54,150 --> 00:49:53,829
they've changed over the years right

1194
00:49:56,730 --> 00:49:54,160
right

1195
00:50:00,120 --> 00:49:56,740
ah there's a there's a question in the

1196
00:50:04,229 --> 00:50:00,130
forum end let's see as astronomers are

1197
00:50:06,989 --> 00:50:04,239
discovering more and more exoplanets do

1198
00:50:09,180 --> 00:50:06,999
you think this will motivate scientists

1199
00:50:13,109 --> 00:50:09,190
to worry about re-evaluate methods of

1200
00:50:16,620 --> 00:50:13,119
searching for et life towards these

1201
00:50:18,450 --> 00:50:16,630
planets actually you know I think I

1202
00:50:22,829 --> 00:50:18,460
understand that question and I'll answer

1203
00:50:25,319 --> 00:50:22,839
it this way I used to be kind of

1204
00:50:27,749 --> 00:50:25,329
negative against the SETI program you

1205
00:50:30,839 --> 00:50:27,759
know now I saw stacks great easy

1206
00:50:33,630 --> 00:50:30,849
tremendous guy yeah and I thought the

1207
00:50:37,109 --> 00:50:33,640
program was a great program but I felt

1208
00:50:38,819 --> 00:50:37,119
like it was originally I felt like it

1209
00:50:40,019 --> 00:50:38,829
was short-sighted because you know

1210
00:50:41,759 --> 00:50:40,029
you're here you're looking at the

1211
00:50:44,130 --> 00:50:41,769
neutral hydrogen band in this 21

1212
00:50:45,989 --> 00:50:44,140
centimeter band okay and you're trying

1213
00:50:47,609 --> 00:50:45,999
to find somebody else that sees that

1214
00:50:49,289 --> 00:50:47,619
there's very little on that as well and

1215
00:50:52,170 --> 00:50:49,299
maybe a species somewhere in the

1216
00:50:55,769 --> 00:50:52,180
universe is using that to send messages

1217
00:50:56,940 --> 00:50:55,779
and to me I was like well those messages

1218
00:51:00,120 --> 00:50:56,950
would be coming at the speed of light

1219
00:51:03,479 --> 00:51:00,130
and it would take 21 years to go 21

1220
00:51:04,739 --> 00:51:03,489
light-years from a star and many stars

1221
00:51:06,810 --> 00:51:04,749
are tens of thousands of light years

1222
00:51:08,460 --> 00:51:06,820
away so

1223
00:51:10,860 --> 00:51:08,470
I didn't see the value until I started

1224
00:51:12,510 --> 00:51:10,870
to think about it and and and and this

1225
00:51:15,930 --> 00:51:12,520
is to the credit of Shah stack and the

1226
00:51:19,650 --> 00:51:15,940
team and other folks you know what we're

1227
00:51:23,340 --> 00:51:19,660
doing with you photography is doing with

1228
00:51:25,890 --> 00:51:23,350
CubeSat and what other people are doing

1229
00:51:28,500 --> 00:51:25,900
individually and seth shostack is doing

1230
00:51:30,720 --> 00:51:28,510
with SETI we need all those together

1231
00:51:34,560 --> 00:51:30,730
because we're trying to find a needle in

1232
00:51:37,170 --> 00:51:34,570
a haystack and that haystack might come

1233
00:51:39,390 --> 00:51:37,180
from somebody utilizing that 21

1234
00:51:42,270 --> 00:51:39,400
centimeter line and 21 centimeter band

1235
00:51:45,350 --> 00:51:42,280
we don't know so it would it's it's sort

1236
00:51:48,540 --> 00:51:45,360
of it was arrogant of me to even suggest

1237
00:51:51,300 --> 00:51:48,550
the people that szostak you know was

1238
00:51:53,040 --> 00:51:51,310
barking up the wrong tree because i've

1239
00:51:55,910 --> 00:51:53,050
actually in this is on my own i came to

1240
00:51:59,370 --> 00:51:55,920
this conclusion and happy to admit it i

1241
00:52:01,320 --> 00:51:59,380
felt over time that i was really too

1242
00:52:01,710 --> 00:52:01,330
hard on that program because we need it

1243
00:52:03,960 --> 00:52:01,720
all

1244
00:52:06,480 --> 00:52:03,970
we everyone has to be looking for life

1245
00:52:09,030 --> 00:52:06,490
in a variety of different ways and think

1246
00:52:12,030 --> 00:52:09,040
about it the variations in the

1247
00:52:16,140 --> 00:52:12,040
methodologies for how somebody might

1248
00:52:20,460 --> 00:52:16,150
communicate from another star by using

1249
00:52:24,270 --> 00:52:20,470
that that relatively empty band of

1250
00:52:26,850 --> 00:52:24,280
neutral hydrogen or by using

1251
00:52:28,860 --> 00:52:26,860
interdimensional travel and releasing

1252
00:52:32,580 --> 00:52:28,870
radiation that might be something we can

1253
00:52:34,080 --> 00:52:32,590
pick up with our system or seeing an

1254
00:52:36,030 --> 00:52:34,090
interloper into the atmosphere from

1255
00:52:39,420 --> 00:52:36,040
space on a space camera like paying

1256
00:52:41,850 --> 00:52:39,430
shocks in CubeSat so I think that we

1257
00:52:45,900 --> 00:52:41,860
need all of it together you know and and

1258
00:52:47,910 --> 00:52:45,910
most likely it'll be a little old lady

1259
00:52:50,760 --> 00:52:47,920
in Teaneck New Jersey who looks up and

1260
00:52:52,740 --> 00:52:50,770
says there he is and makes the big

1261
00:52:54,210 --> 00:52:52,750
discovery yeah but all I care about is

1262
00:52:55,890 --> 00:52:54,220
that we make the big discovery I don't

1263
00:52:57,890 --> 00:52:55,900
care who does it and I don't care how it

1264
00:53:00,090 --> 00:52:57,900
gets done I just want to see it happen

1265
00:53:02,250 --> 00:53:00,100
and I don't have any ego to bruise here

1266
00:53:05,010 --> 00:53:02,260
we just all have to work as a team yeah

1267
00:53:07,230 --> 00:53:05,020
so along though very much along those

1268
00:53:09,450 --> 00:53:07,240
lines so the second question from that

1269
00:53:12,080 --> 00:53:09,460
same person was what scientific

1270
00:53:16,260 --> 00:53:12,090
alternatives do you think are possible

1271
00:53:18,000 --> 00:53:16,270
to search for UT along the lines of what

1272
00:53:20,670 --> 00:53:18,010
said he does

1273
00:53:23,700 --> 00:53:20,680
oh well along the lines of a said he's

1274
00:53:25,140 --> 00:53:23,710
doing I I don't know but I cuz you know

1275
00:53:26,640 --> 00:53:25,150
there's there's really one band of

1276
00:53:28,920 --> 00:53:26,650
neutral hydrogen that's actually fairly

1277
00:53:33,020 --> 00:53:28,930
empty so there's not much more you can

1278
00:53:35,370 --> 00:53:33,030
do with that but I can tell you this

1279
00:53:37,200 --> 00:53:35,380
when the James Webb telescope goes up

1280
00:53:39,300 --> 00:53:37,210
next year we're going to have the

1281
00:53:41,730 --> 00:53:39,310
ability now to actually look at the

1282
00:53:44,000 --> 00:53:41,740
atmospheres of these exoplanets and

1283
00:53:46,530 --> 00:53:44,010
that's going to help us detect

1284
00:53:49,410 --> 00:53:46,540
components in those atmospheres so say

1285
00:53:50,790 --> 00:53:49,420
we want to Orsino atmosphere so say we

1286
00:53:53,160 --> 00:53:50,800
want to look at what the Trappist stars

1287
00:53:55,980 --> 00:53:53,170
trap is one the planets rather and we go

1288
00:54:00,690 --> 00:53:55,990
to the Trappist one star system and we

1289
00:54:03,000 --> 00:54:00,700
look at component F which is in the

1290
00:54:04,170 --> 00:54:03,010
smack dab in the middle of the habitable

1291
00:54:06,960 --> 00:54:04,180
zone according to the current

1292
00:54:10,170 --> 00:54:06,970
understanding and we see that it doesn't

1293
00:54:12,020 --> 00:54:10,180
even have an atmosphere should we look

1294
00:54:15,120 --> 00:54:12,030
at e the one that's closer to the star

1295
00:54:16,349 --> 00:54:15,130
or how about G it's just outside it but

1296
00:54:18,570 --> 00:54:16,359
all three are still in the habitable

1297
00:54:22,050 --> 00:54:18,580
zone you see it gives us clues not the

1298
00:54:25,200 --> 00:54:22,060
reason is the those types of stars also

1299
00:54:28,560 --> 00:54:25,210
have high amounts of ultraviolet

1300
00:54:29,940 --> 00:54:28,570
radiation and so and and stellar flares

1301
00:54:33,660 --> 00:54:29,950
that they give off then they're very

1302
00:54:34,410 --> 00:54:33,670
very powerful these stars are very

1303
00:54:36,150 --> 00:54:34,420
long-lived

1304
00:54:38,130 --> 00:54:36,160
they live trillions of years compared to

1305
00:54:39,330 --> 00:54:38,140
our billions of years for our star you

1306
00:54:40,859 --> 00:54:39,340
know five billion years compared to

1307
00:54:43,859 --> 00:54:40,869
thirty trillion that's kind of a long

1308
00:54:45,810 --> 00:54:43,869
time and it can sit out there and burn

1309
00:54:48,660 --> 00:54:45,820
very slowly over all those years these

1310
00:54:50,490 --> 00:54:48,670
m-type stars but they also have these

1311
00:54:52,980 --> 00:54:50,500
radiative radiative outbursts these

1312
00:54:54,840 --> 00:54:52,990
flares and if they don't have a magnetic

1313
00:54:56,340 --> 00:54:54,850
field they can trap them that they don't

1314
00:54:58,500 --> 00:54:56,350
have a strong magnetic field they can

1315
00:55:01,320 --> 00:54:58,510
trap those bursts and allow life to have

1316
00:55:03,240 --> 00:55:01,330
a chance to flourish then they little

1317
00:55:05,640 --> 00:55:03,250
render the surface sterile and will

1318
00:55:08,010 --> 00:55:05,650
strip the atmosphere away over time and

1319
00:55:10,620 --> 00:55:08,020
by overtime I don't mean 20 years I mean

1320
00:55:12,270 --> 00:55:10,630
you know 40 50 hundred million 200

1321
00:55:14,250 --> 00:55:12,280
million a billion then I kind of we're

1322
00:55:16,500 --> 00:55:14,260
talking a long term yeah so you know

1323
00:55:18,030 --> 00:55:16,510
there's there's there's the possibility

1324
00:55:20,160 --> 00:55:18,040
that the James Webb telescope is going

1325
00:55:22,740 --> 00:55:20,170
to allow us to have some or find some

1326
00:55:26,099 --> 00:55:22,750
targets that we think are really viable

1327
00:55:28,200 --> 00:55:26,109
you know and as you know as much as we

1328
00:55:29,280 --> 00:55:28,210
think they might be viable now we're

1329
00:55:30,390 --> 00:55:29,290
really not going to know until we can

1330
00:55:31,650 --> 00:55:30,400
tell whether they actually have an

1331
00:55:34,890 --> 00:55:31,660
atmosphere that's got ox

1332
00:55:36,690 --> 00:55:34,900
June water vapor industrial pollutants

1333
00:55:38,760 --> 00:55:36,700
from someone who's there or in their

1334
00:55:40,380 --> 00:55:38,770
Renaissance Age coal burning or whatever

1335
00:55:45,569 --> 00:55:40,390
I mean there's all kinds of stuff we can

1336
00:55:47,750 --> 00:55:45,579
look for so if we're at that point now

1337
00:55:50,430 --> 00:55:47,760
let's just say there's an advanced

1338
00:55:53,339 --> 00:55:50,440
civilization out there intelligent

1339
00:55:55,829 --> 00:55:53,349
civilization that could have been spying

1340
00:55:59,010 --> 00:55:55,839
on our planet millions of years ago

1341
00:56:00,630 --> 00:55:59,020
possibly right that's right because one

1342
00:56:02,430 --> 00:56:00,640
thing we found in there in the universe

1343
00:56:05,670 --> 00:56:02,440
is that there's a sliding window of

1344
00:56:09,539 --> 00:56:05,680
planetary formation now think about this

1345
00:56:16,319 --> 00:56:09,549
earth is 4.6 billion years old and the

1346
00:56:19,049 --> 00:56:16,329
universe is 14 billion years old Earth

1347
00:56:20,839 --> 00:56:19,059
came along fairly recently yeah okay the

1348
00:56:23,460 --> 00:56:20,849
universe has been kicking around for

1349
00:56:25,950 --> 00:56:23,470
what you know two-thirds beyond us you

1350
00:56:28,380 --> 00:56:25,960
know in its past so you know we only

1351
00:56:32,130 --> 00:56:28,390
came along relatively recently in terms

1352
00:56:33,660 --> 00:56:32,140
of the universe this means that any life

1353
00:56:36,240 --> 00:56:33,670
that's in the universe that could have

1354
00:56:37,950 --> 00:56:36,250
been advanced could have developed on a

1355
00:56:41,519 --> 00:56:37,960
planet that's long since been destroyed

1356
00:56:45,569 --> 00:56:41,529
and they moved on to other star systems

1357
00:56:47,579 --> 00:56:45,579
maybe were seedlings from those folks we

1358
00:56:49,079 --> 00:56:47,589
don't know it seems very much like we

1359
00:56:52,170 --> 00:56:49,089
evolved here though I mean we have a

1360
00:56:54,660 --> 00:56:52,180
pretty pretty good history a pretty good

1361
00:56:59,069 --> 00:56:54,670
understanding of where we came from in

1362
00:57:02,339 --> 00:56:59,079
terms of origins and I think it's

1363
00:57:05,670 --> 00:57:02,349
possible that you know we were seated

1364
00:57:08,609 --> 00:57:05,680
but very very distant for me but if you

1365
00:57:11,279 --> 00:57:08,619
think about it you know our our place in

1366
00:57:13,710 --> 00:57:11,289
the universe is not really all that

1367
00:57:15,599 --> 00:57:13,720
unique there's a lot of planets out

1368
00:57:20,700 --> 00:57:15,609
there there's a lot of planets in the

1369
00:57:22,980 --> 00:57:20,710
habitable zone now some of the early

1370
00:57:24,329 --> 00:57:22,990
work indicated that it was kind of a

1371
00:57:26,279 --> 00:57:24,339
bleak outlook and that you to remember

1372
00:57:29,039 --> 00:57:26,289
the Drake Equation with Frank when Frank

1373
00:57:31,769 --> 00:57:29,049
drafted this equation he found that

1374
00:57:34,470 --> 00:57:31,779
there might only be a tiny handful zero

1375
00:57:37,019 --> 00:57:34,480
the one even of intelligent species in

1376
00:57:41,010 --> 00:57:37,029
the universe but then again he was going

1377
00:57:44,370 --> 00:57:41,020
at the time with what he knew one viable

1378
00:57:45,300 --> 00:57:44,380
planet it's us right and that's that's

1379
00:57:47,160 --> 00:57:45,310
um you know

1380
00:57:50,250 --> 00:57:47,170
Sciences hallmark you know it it's

1381
00:57:52,950 --> 00:57:50,260
really you know it's really kind of

1382
00:57:54,960 --> 00:57:52,960
pessimistic a lot of times but and I

1383
00:57:56,970 --> 00:57:54,970
never was and and when I was getting my

1384
00:57:58,200 --> 00:57:56,980
astronomy degree I remember saying to

1385
00:57:59,940 --> 00:57:58,210
one that I said to the head of the

1386
00:58:04,440 --> 00:57:59,950
department in astronomy at my university

1387
00:58:06,960 --> 00:58:04,450
I said to him I said you know I really

1388
00:58:09,000 --> 00:58:06,970
believe that the universe is full of

1389
00:58:09,270 --> 00:58:09,010
life I think there's a lot of life out

1390
00:58:10,980 --> 00:58:09,280
there

1391
00:58:14,550 --> 00:58:10,990
I said maybe that necessarily

1392
00:58:16,260 --> 00:58:14,560
intelligent life but you know I also

1393
00:58:17,820 --> 00:58:16,270
here yeah right right right

1394
00:58:21,120 --> 00:58:17,830
beam me up Scotty - no intelligent life

1395
00:58:23,010 --> 00:58:21,130
here but yeah and but I said I don't I

1396
00:58:24,150 --> 00:58:23,020
don't think the universe is there's a

1397
00:58:27,000 --> 00:58:24,160
dearth of life I think it's very

1398
00:58:28,710 --> 00:58:27,010
populous I think it's a real populated

1399
00:58:30,420 --> 00:58:28,720
universe and that eventually became the

1400
00:58:33,030 --> 00:58:30,430
title my book the populated universe and

1401
00:58:36,090 --> 00:58:33,040
I said it because I really felt that and

1402
00:58:38,070 --> 00:58:36,100
he looked at me in typical typical

1403
00:58:40,800 --> 00:58:38,080
science right he just pulled up his

1404
00:58:42,720 --> 00:58:40,810
suspenders he said uh mr. Dantonio get

1405
00:58:45,240 --> 00:58:42,730
back in the observatory leave Captain

1406
00:58:46,890 --> 00:58:45,250
Kirk to us and that was that I've said

1407
00:58:49,140 --> 00:58:46,900
that a million times I know but but

1408
00:58:52,560 --> 00:58:49,150
that's what happened and so you know I

1409
00:58:53,880 --> 00:58:52,570
think that seeing seeing what's

1410
00:58:57,510 --> 00:58:53,890
happening in our evolution of

1411
00:59:01,740 --> 00:58:57,520
understanding of exoplanets we have as

1412
00:59:02,910 --> 00:59:01,750
many as or well the high number the high

1413
00:59:05,670 --> 00:59:02,920
end if there's four hundred billion

1414
00:59:07,560 --> 00:59:05,680
stars in our galaxy there's between 100

1415
00:59:08,610 --> 00:59:07,570
and 400 billion stars in our galaxy we

1416
00:59:11,490 --> 00:59:08,620
can't even count them yet

1417
00:59:12,480 --> 00:59:11,500
I mean how far along are we right we

1418
00:59:16,170 --> 00:59:12,490
can't even count the stars in our galaxy

1419
00:59:19,380 --> 00:59:16,180
really reliably but it looks like 10% of

1420
00:59:22,590 --> 00:59:19,390
a galaxy's population has habitable

1421
00:59:24,920 --> 00:59:22,600
planets earth habitable planets and that

1422
00:59:28,950 --> 00:59:24,930
doesn't even talk about life not like us

1423
00:59:31,500 --> 00:59:28,960
okay so but 10% so maybe 10 to 40

1424
00:59:33,510 --> 00:59:31,510
billion I mean that's you know so I want

1425
00:59:35,610 --> 00:59:33,520
to point out that we always forget about

1426
00:59:38,790 --> 00:59:35,620
moons you know and moons could be

1427
00:59:41,240 --> 00:59:38,800
habitable - yes exactly and in our own

1428
00:59:43,730 --> 00:59:41,250
solar system you know you saw the latest

1429
00:59:45,750 --> 00:59:43,740
information on Saturn's moon Enceladus

1430
00:59:48,450 --> 00:59:45,760
that's only three hundred miles across

1431
00:59:50,690 --> 00:59:48,460
that moon however it looks like it has

1432
00:59:53,010 --> 00:59:50,700
hydrothermal vents beneath its surface

1433
00:59:54,750 --> 00:59:53,020
where you heard those before you heard

1434
00:59:56,190 --> 00:59:54,760
them before here on earth they're off

1435
00:59:59,190 --> 00:59:56,200
the Juan de Fuca Ridge off Oregon's

1436
01:00:00,960 --> 00:59:59,200
coast 3,000 meters down in the ocean

1437
01:00:03,120 --> 01:00:00,970
there are these harder for hydrothermal

1438
01:00:06,780 --> 01:00:03,130
vents there they're spewing hydrogen

1439
01:00:09,359 --> 01:00:06,790
sulfide and there's these sulfide eating

1440
01:00:12,480 --> 01:00:09,369
bacteria that were there now where do

1441
01:00:14,789 --> 01:00:12,490
they come from we don't know but they're

1442
01:00:17,549 --> 01:00:14,799
a food source and they start a food

1443
01:00:21,299 --> 01:00:17,559
source for Allah endless chain of other

1444
01:00:23,609 --> 01:00:21,309
animals shrimp clams - worms all these

1445
01:00:25,349 --> 01:00:23,619
other creatures okay microscopic

1446
01:00:27,450 --> 01:00:25,359
plankton guys are not plankton of

1447
01:00:30,539 --> 01:00:27,460
microscopic organisms that eat this

1448
01:00:33,630 --> 01:00:30,549
sulfide all right and these bacteria are

1449
01:00:35,910 --> 01:00:33,640
very prolific they're very the bounty is

1450
01:00:37,829 --> 01:00:35,920
huge and it's a harvest for these

1451
01:00:39,089 --> 01:00:37,839
creatures living around the vents

1452
01:00:41,010 --> 01:00:39,099
many of them are filter feeders

1453
01:00:44,339 --> 01:00:41,020
filtering out these bacteria and they

1454
01:00:46,799 --> 01:00:44,349
they're sustained now on Enceladus we

1455
01:00:49,140 --> 01:00:46,809
have the same thing we see hydrogen and

1456
01:00:51,180 --> 01:00:49,150
carbon dioxide in the geyser streams

1457
01:00:53,039 --> 01:00:51,190
that are coming off of and selleth all

1458
01:00:56,670 --> 01:00:53,049
right what does that mean that means

1459
01:00:58,740 --> 01:00:56,680
that methane might be able to be made in

1460
01:01:01,140 --> 01:00:58,750
the bottom of those hydrothermal vent

1461
01:01:04,440 --> 01:01:01,150
oceans under Enceladus if methane is

1462
01:01:06,839 --> 01:01:04,450
available then methane means that we

1463
01:01:08,520 --> 01:01:06,849
might have methanogens bacteria that

1464
01:01:10,920 --> 01:01:08,530
love methane and they might be eating

1465
01:01:13,020 --> 01:01:10,930
this so that's why it's so exciting

1466
01:01:15,270 --> 01:01:13,030
Europa's the same way you know we don't

1467
01:01:18,030 --> 01:01:15,280
have we never probe fly through a geyser

1468
01:01:21,299 --> 01:01:18,040
stream on Europa yet but uh you know

1469
01:01:22,680 --> 01:01:21,309
we're looking yeah yeah this came to the

1470
01:01:23,780 --> 01:01:22,690
chat room and I addressed it earlier

1471
01:01:26,640 --> 01:01:23,790
when we talked a little bit about

1472
01:01:28,559 --> 01:01:26,650
gravity I the question I had asked you

1473
01:01:31,500 --> 01:01:28,569
was sub what difference would it make in

1474
01:01:33,690 --> 01:01:31,510
evolution if a planet had much more

1475
01:01:35,430 --> 01:01:33,700
gravity but Belinda in the chat room

1476
01:01:38,099 --> 01:01:35,440
asked what are your thoughts of the

1477
01:01:42,089 --> 01:01:38,109
impact of gravity on life evolution of

1478
01:01:43,680 --> 01:01:42,099
the species in the universe well gravity

1479
01:01:46,349 --> 01:01:43,690
is a fundamental force in the universe

1480
01:01:47,789 --> 01:01:46,359
now we call it a weak force but you

1481
01:01:49,890 --> 01:01:47,799
gotta say well wait it's weak you mean

1482
01:01:51,359 --> 01:01:49,900
the Sun has gravity is holding Pluto all

1483
01:01:54,599 --> 01:01:51,369
those billions of miles away it's like

1484
01:01:59,900 --> 01:01:54,609
true but gravity is considered a weak

1485
01:02:03,270 --> 01:01:59,910
force right and but it's everywhere

1486
01:02:04,799 --> 01:02:03,280
anything with mass will have a specific

1487
01:02:05,370 --> 01:02:04,809
amount of gravity you have gravity

1488
01:02:08,130 --> 01:02:05,380
Belinda

1489
01:02:12,690 --> 01:02:08,140
okay you actually have gravity all right

1490
01:02:13,470 --> 01:02:12,700
and some people have more gravity than

1491
01:02:16,290 --> 01:02:13,480
others

1492
01:02:19,130 --> 01:02:16,300
okay depending on their mass but every

1493
01:02:20,880 --> 01:02:19,140
object has met as gravity as well and

1494
01:02:24,390 --> 01:02:20,890
technically if you want to be accurate

1495
01:02:27,120 --> 01:02:24,400
about it when you drop say a lead weight

1496
01:02:27,920 --> 01:02:27,130
and it drops onto the ground and hits

1497
01:02:32,280 --> 01:02:27,930
the ground

1498
01:02:33,450 --> 01:02:32,290
technically the lead weight fell okay

1499
01:02:35,550 --> 01:02:33,460
because it was being pulled by Earth's

1500
01:02:37,200 --> 01:02:35,560
gravity but technically the earth has

1501
01:02:41,130 --> 01:02:37,210
also moved up to meet it just a little

1502
01:02:43,170 --> 01:02:41,140
bit because of that interaction now it's

1503
01:02:45,900 --> 01:02:43,180
not like that's something that you can

1504
01:02:48,480 --> 01:02:45,910
show in a laboratory experiment because

1505
01:02:52,770 --> 01:02:48,490
the effect is extremely small obviously

1506
01:02:58,470 --> 01:02:52,780
but classically it's it's a true

1507
01:03:00,599 --> 01:02:58,480
statement now gravity is required for

1508
01:03:03,329 --> 01:03:00,609
instance on a when a planet has mass or

1509
01:03:06,210 --> 01:03:03,339
a forming planet is being created out of

1510
01:03:08,400 --> 01:03:06,220
gas and dust it co Alissa's it coalesce

1511
01:03:10,710 --> 01:03:08,410
into a sphere and that begins to

1512
01:03:13,620 --> 01:03:10,720
compress because of gravity that

1513
01:03:16,800 --> 01:03:13,630
compression forms the planet that planet

1514
01:03:18,620 --> 01:03:16,810
that gets formed all right can hold down

1515
01:03:21,180 --> 01:03:18,630
an atmosphere if volcanoes are on it

1516
01:03:23,910 --> 01:03:21,190
because the planet has gravity holding

1517
01:03:25,800 --> 01:03:23,920
the atoms of the atmosphere down to the

1518
01:03:27,839 --> 01:03:25,810
planet otherwise it would just fly away

1519
01:03:30,870 --> 01:03:27,849
that would be you know nothing without

1520
01:03:34,290 --> 01:03:30,880
any kind of atmosphere no life that we

1521
01:03:37,440 --> 01:03:34,300
know can evolve especially an

1522
01:03:39,870 --> 01:03:37,450
intelligent life that we know of um and

1523
01:03:41,520 --> 01:03:39,880
yes so those are you listening there

1524
01:03:43,620 --> 01:03:41,530
there were microbes found on the outside

1525
01:03:46,410 --> 01:03:43,630
of the International Space Station so we

1526
01:03:48,809 --> 01:03:46,420
know that some life can exist at least

1527
01:03:51,450 --> 01:03:48,819
for some period of time in that kind of

1528
01:03:53,069 --> 01:03:51,460
environment but no life we know that

1529
01:03:54,950 --> 01:03:53,079
reach intelligence could actually

1530
01:03:57,510 --> 01:03:54,960
develop without an atmosphere

1531
01:04:00,300 --> 01:03:57,520
atmospheres are held to the planet with

1532
01:04:03,180 --> 01:04:00,310
gravity so without gravity we wouldn't

1533
01:04:04,589 --> 01:04:03,190
have stars we wouldn't have any of the

1534
01:04:07,609 --> 01:04:04,599
objects in the universe that we're so

1535
01:04:10,200 --> 01:04:07,619
used to seeing right right now you had

1536
01:04:15,270 --> 01:04:10,210
you had some questions that you posted

1537
01:04:16,859 --> 01:04:15,280
on Facebook along this line and can you

1538
01:04:19,079 --> 01:04:16,869
just look at this real quickly and pick

1539
01:04:24,930 --> 01:04:19,089
one of those and read it out loud and

1540
01:04:26,550 --> 01:04:24,940
then address address it please yeah I'm

1541
01:04:26,940 --> 01:04:26,560
making you do all the work right now I'm

1542
01:04:32,280 --> 01:04:26,950
Annette

1543
01:04:34,890 --> 01:04:32,290
okay uh yeah no yeah here's a question

1544
01:04:36,599 --> 01:04:34,900
now I Brent I had a couple of them but I

1545
01:04:38,849 --> 01:04:36,609
I said these are some of the things we

1546
01:04:40,260 --> 01:04:38,859
would talk about we I asked you know

1547
01:04:41,819 --> 01:04:40,270
what if dinosaurs were never wiped out

1548
01:04:43,680 --> 01:04:41,829
on earth what might we just be

1549
01:04:46,890 --> 01:04:43,690
intelligent reptiles well that's

1550
01:04:48,780 --> 01:04:46,900
possible okay but we don't know how

1551
01:04:51,810 --> 01:04:48,790
intelligence works we only know that

1552
01:04:54,270 --> 01:04:51,820
we've achieved it we don't know anything

1553
01:04:55,980 --> 01:04:54,280
about we just observe we don't actually

1554
01:04:57,720 --> 01:04:55,990
know the mechanism by which until by

1555
01:04:59,190 --> 01:04:57,730
which intelligence occurs doesn't it

1556
01:05:04,859 --> 01:04:59,200
doesn't have something to do with diet

1557
01:05:06,530 --> 01:05:04,869
though diet yes I the the brain of the

1558
01:05:09,900 --> 01:05:06,540
growth of the brain had to do with

1559
01:05:11,579 --> 01:05:09,910
getting the right uh more nutrition yeah

1560
01:05:14,640 --> 01:05:11,589
okay you know what you said then I'm

1561
01:05:15,720 --> 01:05:14,650
thinking diet right that so don't say oh

1562
01:05:19,800 --> 01:05:15,730
of course duh

1563
01:05:23,069 --> 01:05:19,810
yeah that the the nurturing of the body

1564
01:05:25,140 --> 01:05:23,079
obviously makes a big difference and uh

1565
01:05:28,349 --> 01:05:25,150
at a microscopic level we live a

1566
01:05:30,660 --> 01:05:28,359
singular life that is nurtured or not

1567
01:05:33,290 --> 01:05:30,670
nurtured depending on how well or poorly

1568
01:05:38,280 --> 01:05:33,300
we take care of ourselves right but on a

1569
01:05:40,650 --> 01:05:38,290
larger scale one individual procreates

1570
01:05:43,920 --> 01:05:40,660
create creates more individuals if those

1571
01:05:47,520 --> 01:05:43,930
individuals maintain a healthy lifestyle

1572
01:05:50,450 --> 01:05:47,530
they will be naturally selected by

1573
01:05:54,089 --> 01:05:50,460
evolution to continue so that means

1574
01:05:56,069 --> 01:05:54,099
progress in all likelihood so they could

1575
01:06:01,980 --> 01:05:56,079
progress and and so you really have to

1576
01:06:05,250 --> 01:06:01,990
consider that those organisms that risk

1577
01:06:08,010 --> 01:06:05,260
their lives all the time just because

1578
01:06:10,530 --> 01:06:08,020
that's how the organism is those

1579
01:06:12,900 --> 01:06:10,540
organisms probably won't last long in

1580
01:06:14,790 --> 01:06:12,910
the evolutionary chain we see those

1581
01:06:18,059 --> 01:06:14,800
organisms every day and on earth we see

1582
01:06:20,190 --> 01:06:18,069
orgas organisms like that now okay

1583
01:06:21,510 --> 01:06:20,200
there's birds that have very very like

1584
01:06:25,349 --> 01:06:21,520
hummingbirds they have very very high

1585
01:06:28,170 --> 01:06:25,359
metabolic rates okay and they're

1586
01:06:30,420 --> 01:06:28,180
naturally selected to have these these

1587
01:06:33,569 --> 01:06:30,430
beaks which dip down into the flower and

1588
01:06:36,990 --> 01:06:33,579
pull out the sugary sugary nectar okay

1589
01:06:39,210 --> 01:06:37,000
but are they going to be a long-term

1590
01:06:40,810 --> 01:06:39,220
life form on this planet they might have

1591
01:06:43,690 --> 01:06:40,820
there might be a transitional life

1592
01:06:44,890 --> 01:06:43,700
from one thing to the next and that's

1593
01:06:47,080 --> 01:06:44,900
the problem we don't know that yet

1594
01:06:49,710 --> 01:06:47,090
because we can't see the future we don't

1595
01:06:52,480 --> 01:06:49,720
see where they're going we can suspect

1596
01:06:56,050 --> 01:06:52,490
and you know there's other animals that

1597
01:06:59,380 --> 01:06:56,060
we see that have gone extinct yet you

1598
01:07:01,720 --> 01:06:59,390
don't think they should have liked the

1599
01:07:05,050 --> 01:07:01,730
woolly mammoth it was big it was

1600
01:07:07,150 --> 01:07:05,060
ponderous but had a lot of food and it

1601
01:07:08,890 --> 01:07:07,160
seemed to be surviving why did it go

1602
01:07:10,630 --> 01:07:08,900
extinct they weren't all hunted to

1603
01:07:12,370 --> 01:07:10,640
extinction it wasn't that there weren't

1604
01:07:12,850 --> 01:07:12,380
enough human beings to hunt them to

1605
01:07:15,700 --> 01:07:12,860
extinction

1606
01:07:18,040 --> 01:07:15,710
they were very plentiful no animal so

1607
01:07:20,470 --> 01:07:18,050
why did they die why they died out we

1608
01:07:24,360 --> 01:07:20,480
don't know not really okay we have

1609
01:07:28,810 --> 01:07:24,370
theories why what will happen to humans

1610
01:07:32,260 --> 01:07:28,820
now as if our if we for instance start

1611
01:07:34,570 --> 01:07:32,270
to abuse our planet worse okay and I'm

1612
01:07:37,750 --> 01:07:34,580
not one of these ones that says that you

1613
01:07:39,580 --> 01:07:37,760
know I'm not a climate change denier I

1614
01:07:44,230 --> 01:07:39,590
mean obviously the clients climate is

1615
01:07:47,680 --> 01:07:44,240
changing okay but I also understand from

1616
01:07:49,480 --> 01:07:47,690
my background that a lot of that change

1617
01:07:52,660 --> 01:07:49,490
is occurring naturally because of the

1618
01:07:54,250 --> 01:07:52,670
Sun changing weather patterns and the

1619
01:07:56,110 --> 01:07:54,260
way the earth is changing on its own

1620
01:07:59,140 --> 01:07:56,120
because the earth you know isn't just

1621
01:08:01,990 --> 01:07:59,150
static it doesn't sit still the earth is

1622
01:08:07,600 --> 01:08:02,000
changing right before us it's changing

1623
01:08:10,210 --> 01:08:07,610
its dynamic so you know when when when

1624
01:08:12,820 --> 01:08:10,220
the when the ISS thrilled over a certain

1625
01:08:14,200 --> 01:08:12,830
part of the earth the astronauts are

1626
01:08:17,079 --> 01:08:14,210
actually subject to higher levels of

1627
01:08:22,270 --> 01:08:17,089
radiation because the changing Van Allen

1628
01:08:24,010 --> 01:08:22,280
radiation belts can be caused to dip

1629
01:08:26,530 --> 01:08:24,020
down kind of near the tops of our

1630
01:08:28,660 --> 01:08:26,540
atmosphere and then go back out into

1631
01:08:30,070 --> 01:08:28,670
space it depends on the energy of the

1632
01:08:33,300 --> 01:08:30,080
particles that are reaching them and

1633
01:08:36,460 --> 01:08:33,310
this problem is something that we face

1634
01:08:38,370 --> 01:08:36,470
now if you look at a compass there's

1635
01:08:41,380 --> 01:08:38,380
another one you look at a compass it

1636
01:08:43,180 --> 01:08:41,390
doesn't point directly to the north all

1637
01:08:45,579 --> 01:08:43,190
the time depending on where you are on

1638
01:08:47,140 --> 01:08:45,589
the earth your compass can actually

1639
01:08:50,020 --> 01:08:47,150
point due west when it thinks it's

1640
01:08:53,289 --> 01:08:50,030
pointing north and that's because the

1641
01:08:54,810 --> 01:08:53,299
magnetic field lines are distorted by

1642
01:08:56,490 --> 01:08:54,820
the local geology

1643
01:08:59,280 --> 01:08:56,500
and by other things that going on so

1644
01:09:02,460 --> 01:08:59,290
what that means is the earth is changing

1645
01:09:04,620 --> 01:09:02,470
now people say well you know we're

1646
01:09:05,790 --> 01:09:04,630
waiting for this big pole shift and you

1647
01:09:07,850 --> 01:09:05,800
know birds are going to drop out of the

1648
01:09:12,030 --> 01:09:07,860
sky planes are going to lose their GPS

1649
01:09:13,770 --> 01:09:12,040
it would if that happened overnight but

1650
01:09:15,750 --> 01:09:13,780
I put it to you that perhaps we're in

1651
01:09:17,220 --> 01:09:15,760
the middle of a pole shift and have been

1652
01:09:19,980 --> 01:09:17,230
for thousands of years because that's

1653
01:09:23,040 --> 01:09:19,990
how long it takes you know so maybe

1654
01:09:25,160 --> 01:09:23,050
we're seeing a change and it doesn't

1655
01:09:27,420 --> 01:09:25,170
spell catastrophe we've been through it

1656
01:09:28,650 --> 01:09:27,430
hundreds of times if you look in the

1657
01:09:30,540 --> 01:09:28,660
fossil record especially at the

1658
01:09:33,510 --> 01:09:30,550
mid-atlantic spreading Ridge you look at

1659
01:09:34,950 --> 01:09:33,520
the particles the iron and you can see

1660
01:09:37,200 --> 01:09:34,960
the magnetic structure you can see the

1661
01:09:38,670 --> 01:09:37,210
actual crystal crystalline structure you

1662
01:09:40,290 --> 01:09:38,680
see that they're going in one way and

1663
01:09:41,640 --> 01:09:40,300
then a little a little bit later they're

1664
01:09:44,340 --> 01:09:41,650
going another way then another way they

1665
01:09:46,920 --> 01:09:44,350
may flip 180 degrees hundreds of times

1666
01:09:49,560 --> 01:09:46,930
that means the poles shift at that North

1667
01:09:51,060 --> 01:09:49,570
and South Pole the the notion of a North

1668
01:09:52,470 --> 01:09:51,070
and South Pole not the whole earth

1669
01:09:55,370 --> 01:09:52,480
flipping upside down that's not what

1670
01:09:58,560 --> 01:09:55,380
this is it's the magnetic field changing

1671
01:10:01,290 --> 01:09:58,570
that's happened before and maybe it's

1672
01:10:04,050 --> 01:10:01,300
happening again well life forms survive

1673
01:10:07,290 --> 01:10:04,060
that because it's so slow life forms had

1674
01:10:11,220 --> 01:10:07,300
time to adapt and that's the key adapt

1675
01:10:13,970 --> 01:10:11,230
or perish right right uh you know it's

1676
01:10:18,780 --> 01:10:13,980
it's so hard to wrap your brain around

1677
01:10:21,240 --> 01:10:18,790
like the time things take for like say

1678
01:10:23,250 --> 01:10:21,250
for instance any type of evolution but

1679
01:10:27,030 --> 01:10:23,260
as far as you know has there ever been

1680
01:10:30,740 --> 01:10:27,040
anything recorded in human history that

1681
01:10:32,570 --> 01:10:30,750
they've seen an evolution of a species

1682
01:10:37,110 --> 01:10:32,580
happening

1683
01:10:40,680 --> 01:10:37,120
well um sort of I mean yes I mean that

1684
01:10:44,000 --> 01:10:40,690
that's not untrue I mean anytime that

1685
01:10:47,430 --> 01:10:44,010
you know you you find a species of

1686
01:10:52,700 --> 01:10:47,440
animal that or insect that becomes

1687
01:10:57,210 --> 01:10:52,710
resilient to a to a particular pesticide

1688
01:10:59,400 --> 01:10:57,220
that's a mutation and it's mutation that

1689
01:11:01,560 --> 01:10:59,410
causes you know evolution it's this

1690
01:11:03,540 --> 01:11:01,570
mutation is the core of it it's a

1691
01:11:06,450 --> 01:11:03,550
mutation followed by an adaptation if

1692
01:11:08,550 --> 01:11:06,460
that mutation that say this insect

1693
01:11:11,040 --> 01:11:08,560
develops a mosquito develops an immunity

1694
01:11:13,230 --> 01:11:11,050
or or and this has happened you know the

1695
01:11:15,840 --> 01:11:13,240
a mosquito develops an immunity to a

1696
01:11:19,260 --> 01:11:15,850
certain pesticide well that means that

1697
01:11:21,660 --> 01:11:19,270
as that as that mosquito lives its life

1698
01:11:23,190 --> 01:11:21,670
it procreates it makes more of the same

1699
01:11:27,240 --> 01:11:23,200
mosquito they're resistant to pesticides

1700
01:11:29,760 --> 01:11:27,250
I say and ones that aren't die and this

1701
01:11:31,170 --> 01:11:29,770
one becomes selected to be the species

1702
01:11:34,080 --> 01:11:31,180
that's dominant and so little by little

1703
01:11:36,360 --> 01:11:34,090
they grow down that path and it makes it

1704
01:11:39,330 --> 01:11:36,370
another path an evolutionary pathway and

1705
01:11:41,190 --> 01:11:39,340
so that's a small example but that's we

1706
01:11:42,420 --> 01:11:41,200
see that a lot yeah no I mean we see

1707
01:11:45,510 --> 01:11:42,430
that in the animal kingdom you see that

1708
01:11:50,190 --> 01:11:45,520
here in insects you know and and so and

1709
01:11:51,900 --> 01:11:50,200
again it's mutation and adaptation you

1710
01:11:54,480 --> 01:11:51,910
know and if that adaptation that the

1711
01:11:58,440 --> 01:11:54,490
creature create you know has developed

1712
01:12:02,790 --> 01:11:58,450
is beneficial to its survival and

1713
01:12:04,890 --> 01:12:02,800
promotes its survival then it is going

1714
01:12:07,380 --> 01:12:04,900
to continue and that's what natural

1715
01:12:08,820 --> 01:12:07,390
selection is and that's that's that's

1716
01:12:10,950 --> 01:12:08,830
how we came to be you know we ever

1717
01:12:12,630 --> 01:12:10,960
naturally selected to be the species I

1718
01:12:15,540 --> 01:12:12,640
don't know how okay because we're kind

1719
01:12:17,790 --> 01:12:15,550
of frail okay we can't get in a fight

1720
01:12:20,730 --> 01:12:17,800
with a chimp and win even the smallest

1721
01:12:22,560 --> 01:12:20,740
ones in a very powerful creature yeah so

1722
01:12:26,910 --> 01:12:22,570
you know but still in that that's the

1723
01:12:29,970 --> 01:12:26,920
point right now so if anyone that's in

1724
01:12:34,050 --> 01:12:29,980
the listening live would like to join in

1725
01:12:35,580 --> 01:12:34,060
the Google Hangouts just just case

1726
01:12:38,820 --> 01:12:35,590
helping out in the chatroom if you want

1727
01:12:42,540 --> 01:12:38,830
to just put your Gmail address in the

1728
01:12:44,940 --> 01:12:42,550
chat and K will forward that to me and

1729
01:12:48,030 --> 01:12:44,950
we'll connect you that's if anyone wants

1730
01:12:51,030 --> 01:12:48,040
to I would almost dare to take a phone

1731
01:12:52,650 --> 01:12:51,040
call but I'm just not sure if the skype

1732
01:12:54,780 --> 01:12:52,660
will work through the Google hangout so

1733
01:12:57,480 --> 01:12:54,790
if someone wants to join in the Hangout

1734
01:13:00,000 --> 01:12:57,490
just go ahead and post in the chatroom

1735
01:13:01,220 --> 01:13:00,010
your gmail address and we'll get you

1736
01:13:04,890 --> 01:13:01,230
connected we'll send you out a

1737
01:13:06,960 --> 01:13:04,900
invitation here there's one more

1738
01:13:10,230 --> 01:13:06,970
question in the form of that Kerry

1739
01:13:12,510 --> 01:13:10,240
Senate we're always more interested in

1740
01:13:16,380 --> 01:13:12,520
finding life with similarities to our

1741
01:13:19,860 --> 01:13:16,390
own human needs by searching for planets

1742
01:13:22,320 --> 01:13:19,870
in the so-called Goldilocks zone do you

1743
01:13:25,350 --> 01:13:22,330
consider this a mistake as

1744
01:13:28,730 --> 01:13:25,360
t life-forms probably have completely

1745
01:13:31,260 --> 01:13:28,740
different characteristics and humans

1746
01:13:34,590 --> 01:13:31,270
absolutely I don't think that we can

1747
01:13:38,820 --> 01:13:34,600
expect an alien life-form even if one

1748
01:13:43,080 --> 01:13:38,830
reaches intelligence to be remotely like

1749
01:13:47,820 --> 01:13:43,090
us but I will say this every animal on

1750
01:13:51,420 --> 01:13:47,830
earth has symmetry okay every animal on

1751
01:13:53,940 --> 01:13:51,430
earth that's a quadruped ed you know has

1752
01:13:56,790 --> 01:13:53,950
four legs and hind legs well so the week

1753
01:13:59,520 --> 01:13:56,800
we have arms and we have legs we have

1754
01:14:01,650 --> 01:13:59,530
two eyes almost every animal on earth

1755
01:14:02,910 --> 01:14:01,660
has two eyes if they have eyes except

1756
01:14:06,630 --> 01:14:02,920
for the cave dwellers in the deep ocean

1757
01:14:08,750 --> 01:14:06,640
dwellers so that symmetry that I'm

1758
01:14:12,090 --> 01:14:08,760
talking about that is something that

1759
01:14:13,620 --> 01:14:12,100
happened by itself across thousands

1760
01:14:16,590 --> 01:14:13,630
hundreds of thousands of other species

1761
01:14:18,990 --> 01:14:16,600
right here on this planet so maybe at

1762
01:14:20,490 --> 01:14:19,000
the very least that symmetry is

1763
01:14:23,150 --> 01:14:20,500
something that's propagated through the

1764
01:14:26,160 --> 01:14:23,160
universe and maybe that's sort of a

1765
01:14:28,620 --> 01:14:26,170
universal tenet of universal law that

1766
01:14:31,710 --> 01:14:28,630
occurs okay and why do I say that

1767
01:14:33,570 --> 01:14:31,720
because you look around every other

1768
01:14:36,840 --> 01:14:33,580
animal to you and every animal the size

1769
01:14:38,790 --> 01:14:36,850
a few especially specialty ones have two

1770
01:14:40,320 --> 01:14:38,800
eyes you know you know have two arms or

1771
01:14:43,140 --> 01:14:40,330
two legs you know in the front two in

1772
01:14:43,890 --> 01:14:43,150
the back they have ears you know it's

1773
01:14:45,980 --> 01:14:43,900
symmetric

1774
01:14:49,140 --> 01:14:45,990
there's no creatures that have one ear

1775
01:14:50,580 --> 01:14:49,150
okay there are but that's we're not

1776
01:14:52,050 --> 01:14:50,590
talking anything we're talking about

1777
01:14:56,700 --> 01:14:52,060
vertebrates you know like like we are

1778
01:14:58,890 --> 01:14:56,710
bones what a spine so I think that it's

1779
01:15:03,180 --> 01:14:58,900
important to look at that look at that

1780
01:15:06,810 --> 01:15:03,190
critically and say well if life on Earth

1781
01:15:10,950 --> 01:15:06,820
that developed a myriad of ways is any

1782
01:15:13,020 --> 01:15:10,960
indicator and maybe we're looking at a

1783
01:15:14,520 --> 01:15:13,030
potential for this symmetry to be

1784
01:15:16,920 --> 01:15:14,530
propagated throughout the universe in

1785
01:15:18,450 --> 01:15:16,930
other ways what I mean whether they may

1786
01:15:21,570 --> 01:15:18,460
not look at all like us they might not

1787
01:15:22,800 --> 01:15:21,580
have a skin they might not have that

1788
01:15:26,310 --> 01:15:22,810
need they maybe they didn't come from

1789
01:15:28,020 --> 01:15:26,320
the water but maybe that symmetric part

1790
01:15:29,730 --> 01:15:28,030
is important maybe that's something that

1791
01:15:33,420 --> 01:15:29,740
we would look for the other thing we

1792
01:15:34,680 --> 01:15:33,430
might look for are carbon-based life

1793
01:15:36,150 --> 01:15:34,690
forms now that's what we're doing now

1794
01:15:38,520 --> 01:15:36,160
and people have more about silicon

1795
01:15:41,430 --> 01:15:38,530
all these other things well there might

1796
01:15:44,720 --> 01:15:41,440
be life not like us out there but the

1797
01:15:47,220 --> 01:15:44,730
universe is very much providing

1798
01:15:49,170 --> 01:15:47,230
carbon-based stuff it's everywhere we

1799
01:15:51,360 --> 01:15:49,180
look in our own solar system it's all

1800
01:15:53,820 --> 01:15:51,370
carbon-based you know and you know the

1801
01:15:57,930 --> 01:15:53,830
carbon-based methane's and you know we

1802
01:16:01,380 --> 01:15:57,940
have the hydrocarbon compounds on Titan

1803
01:16:06,000 --> 01:16:01,390
we have Enceladus spewing carbon dioxide

1804
01:16:08,820 --> 01:16:06,010
and and hydrogen we have Europa with

1805
01:16:11,820 --> 01:16:08,830
water that seems to be hyper saturated

1806
01:16:13,770 --> 01:16:11,830
with oxygen beneath the surface all

1807
01:16:17,190 --> 01:16:13,780
right this is all stuff that you know

1808
01:16:21,680 --> 01:16:17,200
would promote a carbon-based life not a

1809
01:16:24,300 --> 01:16:21,690
silicon-based life so perhaps that's

1810
01:16:25,740 --> 01:16:24,310
another potential template that the

1811
01:16:27,270 --> 01:16:25,750
universe has that we don't know yet

1812
01:16:30,720 --> 01:16:27,280
because we're the only model we have is

1813
01:16:34,230 --> 01:16:30,730
you know maybe it has a carbon footprint

1814
01:16:36,870 --> 01:16:34,240
requirement right right now I'm I'm

1815
01:16:39,720 --> 01:16:36,880
gonna bring up a topic that we really

1816
01:16:43,440 --> 01:16:39,730
didn't expect to talk about tonight but

1817
01:16:46,740 --> 01:16:43,450
um hi amber this is not it this is not

1818
01:16:51,150 --> 01:16:46,750
an ambush um I wanted to you know I was

1819
01:16:54,750 --> 01:16:51,160
thinking I think the way that we're here

1820
01:16:56,550 --> 01:16:54,760
is are that life is here is that there

1821
01:17:00,320 --> 01:16:56,560
was at some point there was a supernova

1822
01:17:03,980 --> 01:17:00,330
that got all the elements out there I

1823
01:17:08,180 --> 01:17:03,990
believe that's at least partially true

1824
01:17:12,150 --> 01:17:08,190
so that yeah yeah so the question I have

1825
01:17:14,480 --> 01:17:12,160
how it's kind of a silly question but

1826
01:17:18,450 --> 01:17:14,490
how many different ways can the universe

1827
01:17:20,760 --> 01:17:18,460
eliminate us as a mass extinction oh I

1828
01:17:23,160 --> 01:17:20,770
know if the suit that Nova happened in

1829
01:17:25,980 --> 01:17:23,170
our galaxy right would be toast or we

1830
01:17:27,090 --> 01:17:25,990
could be no all right so no all right so

1831
01:17:30,540 --> 01:17:27,100
shed some light on that

1832
01:17:32,100 --> 01:17:30,550
all right let's let's start with

1833
01:17:35,220 --> 01:17:32,110
supernova supernovas give off a high

1834
01:17:40,170 --> 01:17:35,230
high dosages of very dangerous rays they

1835
01:17:42,690 --> 01:17:40,180
can kill us okay and they leave behind

1836
01:17:44,880 --> 01:17:42,700
things called pulsars that you know

1837
01:17:47,340 --> 01:17:44,890
flash and high rates of speed they're

1838
01:17:50,280 --> 01:17:47,350
like spinning lighthouse beacons things

1839
01:17:52,560 --> 01:17:50,290
up to you know 800 times per second

1840
01:17:55,170 --> 01:17:52,570
the star core is spinning that's how

1841
01:17:59,930 --> 01:17:55,180
much energies you know pumped into that

1842
01:18:03,690 --> 01:17:59,940
as as a star blows up and that said a

1843
01:18:05,670 --> 01:18:03,700
supernova nearby to us would have

1844
01:18:07,950 --> 01:18:05,680
consequences like if the star Sirius the

1845
01:18:09,510 --> 01:18:07,960
brightest star on a night sky I forget

1846
01:18:11,610 --> 01:18:09,520
how far to think of 8.9 light years or

1847
01:18:14,010 --> 01:18:11,620
something like that but that star if

1848
01:18:16,229 --> 01:18:14,020
that blew up and it can it's not big

1849
01:18:19,290 --> 01:18:16,239
enough but if it did we'd have

1850
01:18:20,720 --> 01:18:19,300
consequences and we'd see it blow up you

1851
01:18:23,430 --> 01:18:20,730
know and by the time we saw it

1852
01:18:24,540 --> 01:18:23,440
you know the deadly particles were

1853
01:18:27,810 --> 01:18:24,550
already on their way to us and we would

1854
01:18:29,280 --> 01:18:27,820
have only a set number of years left

1855
01:18:32,010 --> 01:18:29,290
depending on how fast those particles

1856
01:18:33,750 --> 01:18:32,020
are moving away from the star because it

1857
01:18:36,270 --> 01:18:33,760
would probably be gamma rays and and

1858
01:18:37,740 --> 01:18:36,280
potential x-rays and you just hope

1859
01:18:39,090 --> 01:18:37,750
you're on the dark side or the light

1860
01:18:41,040 --> 01:18:39,100
side of the planet when they hit so that

1861
01:18:46,110 --> 01:18:41,050
you don't have to it's sterilized by

1862
01:18:47,610 --> 01:18:46,120
them kind of thing but you know the the

1863
01:18:51,450 --> 01:18:47,620
universe has ways of killing us there's

1864
01:18:53,760 --> 01:18:51,460
no doubt a dangerous solar flare already

1865
01:18:55,260 --> 01:18:53,770
we have problems solar flares and I'm

1866
01:18:58,860 --> 01:18:55,270
part of a show called the Connecticut

1867
01:19:00,990 --> 01:18:58,870
UFO show and it's a bi-weekly television

1868
01:19:03,090 --> 01:19:01,000
show that we do and one of our episodes

1869
01:19:07,890 --> 01:19:03,100
was about the great blackout that

1870
01:19:12,990 --> 01:19:07,900
occurred and and that great blackout was

1871
01:19:14,760 --> 01:19:13,000
the result of a human error okay but the

1872
01:19:17,940 --> 01:19:14,770
other one that happened in like 1988 or

1873
01:19:22,830 --> 01:19:17,950
89 okay that one was due to the Sun and

1874
01:19:25,440 --> 01:19:22,840
the Sun overloaded systems up in Canada

1875
01:19:28,140 --> 01:19:25,450
and right I remember that right and

1876
01:19:31,470 --> 01:19:28,150
there were Aurora's being seen as far

1877
01:19:33,479 --> 01:19:31,480
south as Cuba never in human history

1878
01:19:35,550 --> 01:19:33,489
that we have been alive okay

1879
01:19:37,440 --> 01:19:35,560
have Aurora's been as far south as Cuba

1880
01:19:39,090 --> 01:19:37,450
that's how much energy was hitting our

1881
01:19:40,740 --> 01:19:39,100
atmosphere and overloading in the

1882
01:19:43,650 --> 01:19:40,750
atmosphere and when it does that the

1883
01:19:45,630 --> 01:19:43,660
atmosphere expands it gets charged up

1884
01:19:47,850 --> 01:19:45,640
and what does that do well that hits the

1885
01:19:49,350 --> 01:19:47,860
low Earth orbiting satellites and when

1886
01:19:51,030 --> 01:19:49,360
it hits that those satellites begin to

1887
01:19:52,040 --> 01:19:51,040
decay in their orbits and unless

1888
01:19:53,910 --> 01:19:52,050
something's done they're going to

1889
01:19:55,920 --> 01:19:53,920
re-enter the Earth's atmosphere and burn

1890
01:19:57,510 --> 01:19:55,930
up so they have to be rebooted the

1891
01:19:59,850 --> 01:19:57,520
orbits it's very expensive

1892
01:20:02,830 --> 01:19:59,860
it would cost up I think the estimate

1893
01:20:06,160 --> 01:20:02,840
was thirty billion dollars a day

1894
01:20:08,040 --> 01:20:06,170
to repair that Wow the damage that could

1895
01:20:12,070 --> 01:20:08,050
be caused by such a such an attack so

1896
01:20:14,170 --> 01:20:12,080
that's just the Sun doing minimal damage

1897
01:20:16,660 --> 01:20:14,180
to our planet that's a minor thing the

1898
01:20:18,130 --> 01:20:16,670
Sun goes up that was a burp yeah you

1899
01:20:20,470 --> 01:20:18,140
know don't make me don't make me really

1900
01:20:22,870 --> 01:20:20,480
burp you know that kind of thing and so

1901
01:20:25,720 --> 01:20:22,880
I can do and then sons of stable star if

1902
01:20:28,270 --> 01:20:25,730
it in Cades others unstable stars too

1903
01:20:31,570 --> 01:20:28,280
and they shoot off bursts of x-rays that

1904
01:20:35,740 --> 01:20:31,580
could be fatal gamma-ray burster czar

1905
01:20:37,660 --> 01:20:35,750
they're really kind of a enigma because

1906
01:20:39,220 --> 01:20:37,670
we see these gamma rays come from some

1907
01:20:42,460 --> 01:20:39,230
places in the universe and when they

1908
01:20:46,030 --> 01:20:42,470
they hit the earth they're very powerful

1909
01:20:47,560 --> 01:20:46,040
not enough to kill us but a gamma-ray

1910
01:20:49,720 --> 01:20:47,570
burst of these magnitudes some of these

1911
01:20:51,580 --> 01:20:49,730
gamma-ray bursts are you know thousands

1912
01:20:54,640 --> 01:20:51,590
light years away and they hit the earth

1913
01:20:56,440 --> 01:20:54,650
with some magnitude no well what if it

1914
01:20:57,640 --> 01:20:56,450
was not a thousand light years away what

1915
01:20:59,350 --> 01:20:57,650
if the same thing was only a hundred

1916
01:21:01,330 --> 01:20:59,360
light years away she's a little dim star

1917
01:21:02,770 --> 01:21:01,340
in the sky you might not even see it the

1918
01:21:05,890 --> 01:21:02,780
gamma-ray burst would kill us

1919
01:21:07,600 --> 01:21:05,900
so you see yes the universe can kill you

1920
01:21:12,460 --> 01:21:07,610
if you if you're if you're really really

1921
01:21:15,100 --> 01:21:12,470
really uh you know concerned then you

1922
01:21:16,660 --> 01:21:15,110
can build a bunker and line it with a

1923
01:21:18,520 --> 01:21:16,670
Faraday cage and hopefully not only

1924
01:21:21,070 --> 01:21:18,530
charge particles will get into you and

1925
01:21:23,140 --> 01:21:21,080
hurt your computers okay you just might

1926
01:21:27,010 --> 01:21:23,150
never know the earth died but you know

1927
01:21:28,810 --> 01:21:27,020
it is interesting yeah uh yeah so I mean

1928
01:21:32,170 --> 01:21:28,820
we could lose our power grid pretty

1929
01:21:35,260 --> 01:21:32,180
easily I mean I know back when there was

1930
01:21:38,200 --> 01:21:35,270
Telegraph's lines were melted and rail

1931
01:21:41,170 --> 01:21:38,210
rate railroad tracks were heated up and

1932
01:21:44,260 --> 01:21:41,180
twisted and everything else from from

1933
01:21:45,550 --> 01:21:44,270
what is it a super mess what's that

1934
01:21:48,160 --> 01:21:45,560
called they're called coronal mass

1935
01:21:52,720 --> 01:21:48,170
ejections they're gonna CME's coronal

1936
01:21:55,060 --> 01:21:52,730
mass ejections are solar plasma which is

1937
01:21:57,370 --> 01:21:55,070
highly charged particles and material

1938
01:21:59,560 --> 01:21:57,380
coming from the Sun and if we get hit

1939
01:22:02,200 --> 01:21:59,570
head-on with a coronal mass ejection of

1940
01:22:04,770 --> 01:22:02,210
a good magnitude it will do serious

1941
01:22:08,800 --> 01:22:04,780
damage to the power it will take it down

1942
01:22:11,620 --> 01:22:08,810
fairly quickly short order and it would

1943
01:22:15,070 --> 01:22:11,630
affect GPS satellites it would affect

1944
01:22:16,540 --> 01:22:15,080
any kind of navigation and that effect

1945
01:22:18,459 --> 01:22:16,550
could go on for weeks

1946
01:22:19,569 --> 01:22:18,469
not because the coronal mass ejection

1947
01:22:21,819 --> 01:22:19,579
would go on for weeks but because the

1948
01:22:24,430 --> 01:22:21,829
damage would be so hard to repair right

1949
01:22:28,299 --> 01:22:24,440
and remember we're running our power on

1950
01:22:29,799 --> 01:22:28,309
the surface of this planet you know it's

1951
01:22:31,149 --> 01:22:29,809
like you know yet any thought you

1952
01:22:33,549 --> 01:22:31,159
wouldn't do that that's as you know

1953
01:22:34,660 --> 01:22:33,559
we're crazy to do that and in people say

1954
01:22:36,370 --> 01:22:34,670
well I have on the ground wiring in my

1955
01:22:38,379 --> 01:22:36,380
neighborhood yeah but it's all surface

1956
01:22:40,419 --> 01:22:38,389
to get to you and so you know it doesn't

1957
01:22:42,160 --> 01:22:40,429
matter or holes the whole the whole

1958
01:22:45,069 --> 01:22:42,170
place has to be underground and shielded

1959
01:22:48,160 --> 01:22:45,079
everything and you know we have more

1960
01:22:49,660 --> 01:22:48,170
wire in the US on the surface then nor

1961
01:22:52,890 --> 01:22:49,670
the moon in back with it I mean it's a

1962
01:22:55,270 --> 01:22:52,900
lot of surface wire right right now uh

1963
01:22:58,390 --> 01:22:55,280
okay since we're talking the doomsday

1964
01:23:06,819 --> 01:22:58,400
type of stuff say fun yeah say an

1965
01:23:08,890 --> 01:23:06,829
asteroid hit let's just say the Oceana

1966
01:23:12,990 --> 01:23:08,900
um you know South Pacific or something

1967
01:23:15,129 --> 01:23:13,000
like that uh and it was going to

1968
01:23:16,209 --> 01:23:15,139
vulcanized the entire planet or

1969
01:23:19,750 --> 01:23:16,219
something you know something was

1970
01:23:21,700 --> 01:23:19,760
happening um how long would it take to

1971
01:23:23,649 --> 01:23:21,710
get around the whole entire plane I mean

1972
01:23:25,780 --> 01:23:23,659
and would there be any way anybody would

1973
01:23:27,069 --> 01:23:25,790
know from if they were on the other side

1974
01:23:29,770 --> 01:23:27,079
of the planet from when the whole thing

1975
01:23:32,020 --> 01:23:29,780
crashed now they would know as soon as

1976
01:23:35,589 --> 01:23:32,030
the shock wave went through the planet

1977
01:23:38,049 --> 01:23:35,599
and reached them because the way it

1978
01:23:41,229 --> 01:23:38,059
works is if something hits that side of

1979
01:23:42,580 --> 01:23:41,239
the planet okay what will happen is the

1980
01:23:44,310 --> 01:23:42,590
shock wave will get transmitted through

1981
01:23:47,379 --> 01:23:44,320
the core and right to the other side

1982
01:23:48,760 --> 01:23:47,389
like a croquet ball when you put your

1983
01:23:50,169 --> 01:23:48,770
foot down on top of a croquet ball you

1984
01:23:52,359 --> 01:23:50,179
have another one on the right side and

1985
01:23:54,160 --> 01:23:52,369
you know the lawn okay and you you hit

1986
01:23:57,310 --> 01:23:54,170
the ball and you hit the hit that one

1987
01:23:59,169 --> 01:23:57,320
ball with your with a mallet the ball

1988
01:24:00,129 --> 01:23:59,179
that's you know that's on the left side

1989
01:24:02,439 --> 01:24:00,139
here foot the ball it's on the right

1990
01:24:04,000 --> 01:24:02,449
side if it's going sailing yeah right

1991
01:24:06,490 --> 01:24:04,010
that's because of the conduction of the

1992
01:24:09,819 --> 01:24:06,500
sound and that impact threw the ball

1993
01:24:12,430 --> 01:24:09,829
well the ball and sound conducts the

1994
01:24:13,780 --> 01:24:12,440
same way so if an impactor hit on the

1995
01:24:16,450 --> 01:24:13,790
other side of the planet from us right

1996
01:24:19,149 --> 01:24:16,460
now it was really substantial you might

1997
01:24:20,859 --> 01:24:19,159
think ooh we dodged the bullet nonsense

1998
01:24:22,060 --> 01:24:20,869
you're gonna get the full brunt of it

1999
01:24:23,530 --> 01:24:22,070
because it's going to transmit through

2000
01:24:24,819 --> 01:24:23,540
the planet and just blow you right off

2001
01:24:27,189 --> 01:24:24,829
the planet when it comes through the

2002
01:24:29,560 --> 01:24:27,199
side from below you you know and people

2003
01:24:30,520 --> 01:24:29,570
don't realize that's very possible those

2004
01:24:33,190 --> 01:24:30,530
things can happen

2005
01:24:35,010 --> 01:24:33,200
not like tomorrow I think that's

2006
01:24:37,510 --> 01:24:35,020
scheduled for next Tuesday at 3:00

2007
01:24:43,240 --> 01:24:37,520
speaking of that um how do you feel

2008
01:24:46,930 --> 01:24:43,250
about the as you know joining nations

2009
01:24:49,120 --> 01:24:46,940
together to figure out something to do

2010
01:24:52,210 --> 01:24:49,130
about asteroids near-earth asteroids or

2011
01:24:54,400 --> 01:24:52,220
asteroid hits it doesn't see it seems

2012
01:24:56,290 --> 01:24:54,410
like something that could be solved yet

2013
01:24:59,710 --> 01:24:56,300
there's no real money being put into it

2014
01:25:02,730 --> 01:24:59,720
and it could wipe us all out well yeah

2015
01:25:04,690 --> 01:25:02,740
the human race is short-sighted I mean

2016
01:25:07,090 --> 01:25:04,700
people are really short-sighted they're

2017
01:25:08,890 --> 01:25:07,100
thinking about next week next month

2018
01:25:11,440 --> 01:25:08,900
they're not thinking 12 years 20 years

2019
01:25:12,910 --> 01:25:11,450
down the line I mean did to see what I

2020
01:25:14,920 --> 01:25:12,920
mean you just compare the number of

2021
01:25:18,640 --> 01:25:14,930
people that have set up their retirement

2022
01:25:21,670 --> 01:25:18,650
accounts with substantial nest eggs okay

2023
01:25:23,530 --> 01:25:21,680
it's it's pitifully few unless they're

2024
01:25:26,680 --> 01:25:23,540
just doing it through a corporate thing

2025
01:25:30,340 --> 01:25:26,690
right it's forced upon you well if it's

2026
01:25:32,020 --> 01:25:30,350
forced upon you many times in an IRA you

2027
01:25:34,540 --> 01:25:32,030
know retirement account situation that's

2028
01:25:35,650 --> 01:25:34,550
okay cuz you can handle it but if it's

2029
01:25:36,730 --> 01:25:35,660
forced upon you because there's an

2030
01:25:38,230 --> 01:25:36,740
asteroid hitting the earth you want oh

2031
01:25:40,660 --> 01:25:38,240
look at that asteroids coming in you

2032
01:25:42,190 --> 01:25:40,670
have it's like as bright as a star you

2033
01:25:44,950 --> 01:25:42,200
know well then it's too late

2034
01:25:46,270 --> 01:25:44,960
so you know you have to first get the

2035
01:25:47,980 --> 01:25:46,280
cooperation of everybody and say look

2036
01:25:50,590 --> 01:25:47,990
this could happen and you're gonna

2037
01:25:51,700 --> 01:25:50,600
always get a group that says yeah but

2038
01:25:53,380 --> 01:25:51,710
then we don't see anything out there's

2039
01:25:55,510 --> 01:25:53,390
not going to happen anytime soon so I'd

2040
01:25:58,120 --> 01:25:55,520
much rather you know try and work out

2041
01:26:00,670 --> 01:25:58,130
ways to feed my starving population and

2042
01:26:02,230 --> 01:26:00,680
to create this new car or whatever you

2043
01:26:04,570 --> 01:26:02,240
know so you're not going to see people

2044
01:26:07,030 --> 01:26:04,580
doing that unless they see a threat but

2045
01:26:09,850 --> 01:26:07,040
unfortunately in astronomical and cosmic

2046
01:26:12,460 --> 01:26:09,860
terms once we see the threat it's too

2047
01:26:14,620 --> 01:26:12,470
late yeah we have to plan for it so if

2048
01:26:16,750 --> 01:26:14,630
we can all come together and do that

2049
01:26:18,760 --> 01:26:16,760
let's say we could what would we do

2050
01:26:21,220 --> 01:26:18,770
there's a number of ways that you can

2051
01:26:22,150 --> 01:26:21,230
divert an asteroid people say well you

2052
01:26:26,320 --> 01:26:22,160
can just blow it up

2053
01:26:28,980 --> 01:26:26,330
we have nukes yeah well you know what if

2054
01:26:32,170 --> 01:26:28,990
you've seen a 10-mile diameter asteroid

2055
01:26:34,510 --> 01:26:32,180
it's that small okay there's a lot of

2056
01:26:36,310 --> 01:26:34,520
mass there and it takes a lot to blow

2057
01:26:38,500 --> 01:26:36,320
that apart and if you did blow it apart

2058
01:26:41,110 --> 01:26:38,510
guess what you've done some of those

2059
01:26:42,520 --> 01:26:41,120
particles we'll go around go away and

2060
01:26:44,340 --> 01:26:42,530
probably enter an orbit around the earth

2061
01:26:46,950 --> 01:26:44,350
before they come crashing down months

2062
01:26:48,300 --> 01:26:46,960
later okay somewhere else but then

2063
01:26:50,430 --> 01:26:48,310
you've got thousands of particles now

2064
01:26:52,530 --> 01:26:50,440
thousands of meteors and asteroids

2065
01:26:54,660 --> 01:26:52,540
little mini asteroids coming to your

2066
01:26:56,790 --> 01:26:54,670
plan and they're gonna do the same kind

2067
01:26:58,860 --> 01:26:56,800
of damage see it's like through

2068
01:27:01,380 --> 01:26:58,870
conservation of energy okay you know

2069
01:27:03,690 --> 01:27:01,390
whether it's a hundred little asteroids

2070
01:27:04,980 --> 01:27:03,700
or one big asteroid you notice the

2071
01:27:07,530 --> 01:27:04,990
energy is still going to be relatively

2072
01:27:08,910 --> 01:27:07,540
near the same but wouldn't but wouldn't

2073
01:27:10,980 --> 01:27:08,920
the smaller ones have more of a chance

2074
01:27:13,800 --> 01:27:10,990
of burning up in the upper atmosphere

2075
01:27:15,600 --> 01:27:13,810
well if they're really small sure okay

2076
01:27:17,490 --> 01:27:15,610
and but you would have to try and

2077
01:27:19,580 --> 01:27:17,500
guarantee that if you had a ten-mile

2078
01:27:23,810 --> 01:27:19,590
asteroid and you broke it up into five

2079
01:27:26,460 --> 01:27:23,820
you know two-mile chunks or whatever a

2080
01:27:28,800 --> 01:27:26,470
two mile diameter asteroid you know

2081
01:27:31,440 --> 01:27:28,810
isn't gonna isn't going to burn up like

2082
01:27:32,910 --> 01:27:31,450
you think a 10 mile asteroid a 10 mile

2083
01:27:37,080 --> 01:27:32,920
diameter asked for it would burn up

2084
01:27:38,340 --> 01:27:37,090
partially as well but it's still going

2085
01:27:40,260 --> 01:27:38,350
to explode once it gets into the

2086
01:27:42,330 --> 01:27:40,270
stratosphere you know it's still gonna

2087
01:27:45,450 --> 01:27:42,340
explode in that energy release was like

2088
01:27:48,510 --> 01:27:45,460
Tunguska 10 Gasca it was probably either

2089
01:27:51,000 --> 01:27:48,520
a small comet or a small asteroid and

2090
01:27:53,460 --> 01:27:51,010
there was no remnants ever found of it

2091
01:27:54,780 --> 01:27:53,470
but it happened so long ago that you

2092
01:27:57,510 --> 01:27:54,790
know maybe there is a remnant that

2093
01:27:59,610 --> 01:27:57,520
hasn't been ever found but that

2094
01:28:02,370 --> 01:27:59,620
explosion released so much energy that

2095
01:28:05,880 --> 01:28:02,380
people 40 miles from where that entered

2096
01:28:07,830 --> 01:28:05,890
the atmosphere 40 miles away had their

2097
01:28:09,420 --> 01:28:07,840
clothes catch on fire Wow you know I

2098
01:28:11,430 --> 01:28:09,430
mean that's a lot of thermal energy

2099
01:28:13,470 --> 01:28:11,440
never mind you know radiation from that

2100
01:28:15,870 --> 01:28:13,480
but just thermal energy and of course

2101
01:28:17,190 --> 01:28:15,880
that brings up the conspiracy theorists

2102
01:28:19,260 --> 01:28:17,200
who say oh it was a new curve

2103
01:28:21,960 --> 01:28:19,270
yeah no aliens weren't exploding nukes

2104
01:28:24,270 --> 01:28:21,970
it was a comet or an asteroid yeah that

2105
01:28:26,460 --> 01:28:24,280
does that very well I know we're

2106
01:28:29,730 --> 01:28:26,470
bouncing around a lot here and we're off

2107
01:28:32,430 --> 01:28:29,740
the alien track but what about these

2108
01:28:32,940 --> 01:28:32,440
people that are claiming to talk about

2109
01:28:34,350 --> 01:28:32,950
nukes

2110
01:28:36,780 --> 01:28:34,360
that are claiming that there was some

2111
01:28:39,450 --> 01:28:36,790
type of a nuclear explosion on Mars what

2112
01:28:43,530 --> 01:28:39,460
do you have to say about that one I just

2113
01:28:45,840 --> 01:28:43,540
have to say that I don't buy it okay and

2114
01:28:47,640 --> 01:28:45,850
the reason I don't buy it is because I

2115
01:28:49,200 --> 01:28:47,650
look at Mars

2116
01:28:51,060 --> 01:28:49,210
I've studied Mars rather extensively

2117
01:28:53,730 --> 01:28:51,070
actually because you know when you're

2118
01:28:55,170 --> 01:28:53,740
doing planetary science you you you you

2119
01:28:58,229 --> 01:28:55,180
have to consider what other planets are

2120
01:28:59,940 --> 01:28:58,239
doing and how they're there

2121
01:29:01,680 --> 01:28:59,950
their own evolution is occurring you

2122
01:29:03,270 --> 01:29:01,690
know of their and then more of their

2123
01:29:06,870 --> 01:29:03,280
morphology and their changing the rock

2124
01:29:10,290 --> 01:29:06,880
structure and so forth and Mars doesn't

2125
01:29:14,880 --> 01:29:10,300
have anything to indicate to me that a

2126
01:29:17,550 --> 01:29:14,890
nuclear weapon was ever detonated there

2127
01:29:21,630 --> 01:29:17,560
it seems that what people don't

2128
01:29:24,690 --> 01:29:21,640
understand is that a meteor of

2129
01:29:27,570 --> 01:29:24,700
sufficient size will act exactly like a

2130
01:29:32,670 --> 01:29:27,580
nuclear weapon in its effect and it's in

2131
01:29:34,500 --> 01:29:32,680
its reach well yeah so that that that

2132
01:29:37,470 --> 01:29:34,510
was one of the things I was wondering

2133
01:29:40,800 --> 01:29:37,480
about now Bobby wanted to know if you

2134
01:29:43,320 --> 01:29:40,810
ever viewed the SpaceX explosion video

2135
01:29:44,970 --> 01:29:43,330
and if so what were your thoughts on

2136
01:29:46,500 --> 01:29:44,980
that I did actually I analyzed that

2137
01:29:47,880 --> 01:29:46,510
really thoroughly in fact they were sent

2138
01:29:50,610 --> 01:29:47,890
to me the high-res one was sent to me

2139
01:29:54,740 --> 01:29:50,620
and I reviewed it frame by frame good

2140
01:29:57,180 --> 01:29:54,750
question Bobby and what I found was that

2141
01:29:59,970 --> 01:29:57,190
the object that seemed to fly through

2142
01:30:01,770 --> 01:29:59,980
when the rocket blew up right was

2143
01:30:04,050 --> 01:30:01,780
actually in the extreme foreground the

2144
01:30:05,970 --> 01:30:04,060
rocket was like two or three miles away

2145
01:30:07,470 --> 01:30:05,980
I actually I don't remember the exact

2146
01:30:09,930 --> 01:30:07,480
number but I calculated the actual

2147
01:30:12,120 --> 01:30:09,940
distance of the rocket based on the

2148
01:30:13,650 --> 01:30:12,130
sound all right from the sound I could

2149
01:30:16,200 --> 01:30:13,660
calculate the exact distance of the

2150
01:30:17,520 --> 01:30:16,210
rocket the camera and that black dot

2151
01:30:19,560 --> 01:30:17,530
that seemed to come through and seemed

2152
01:30:22,560 --> 01:30:19,570
to cross right in front of rocket when

2153
01:30:23,760 --> 01:30:22,570
it blew up didn't actually it would exit

2154
01:30:27,090 --> 01:30:23,770
the rocket blew up before it actually

2155
01:30:30,479 --> 01:30:27,100
got there and because it was only 60

2156
01:30:32,700 --> 01:30:30,489
frames per second video sixtieth of a

2157
01:30:34,950 --> 01:30:32,710
second later that thing was you know a

2158
01:30:36,530 --> 01:30:34,960
good distance away further away you know

2159
01:30:38,580 --> 01:30:36,540
to the left as it moved across the frame

2160
01:30:40,350 --> 01:30:38,590
the reason for that is because it was

2161
01:30:43,560 --> 01:30:40,360
moving fast and the reason was moving

2162
01:30:45,030 --> 01:30:43,570
fast because it was in the foreground it

2163
01:30:48,420 --> 01:30:45,040
was something like a bug flank of the

2164
01:30:50,910 --> 01:30:48,430
field at first I thought that then when

2165
01:30:52,830 --> 01:30:50,920
I looked at it again I realized it was

2166
01:30:55,020 --> 01:30:52,840
just a fairy it was actually just a bird

2167
01:30:58,020 --> 01:30:55,030
flying very very close to the camera

2168
01:31:00,330 --> 01:30:58,030
closer to the camera then the other

2169
01:31:02,280 --> 01:31:00,340
insects you could see and the other

2170
01:31:04,770 --> 01:31:02,290
seagulls that did appear on that frame

2171
01:31:06,450 --> 01:31:04,780
why no one said my gosh there's gigantic

2172
01:31:09,270 --> 01:31:06,460
seagulls attacking this rocket launch

2173
01:31:11,490 --> 01:31:09,280
because the seagulls would have had to

2174
01:31:12,190 --> 01:31:11,500
have been 30 feet across if they were at

2175
01:31:13,600 --> 01:31:12,200
the same

2176
01:31:17,230 --> 01:31:13,610
and says there is the rocket when it

2177
01:31:18,850 --> 01:31:17,240
blew up so there was a huge compression

2178
01:31:21,310 --> 01:31:18,860
of distance between the camera and the

2179
01:31:22,470 --> 01:31:21,320
launch pad everything between you and

2180
01:31:24,760 --> 01:31:22,480
the launch pad is going to show up

2181
01:31:26,530 --> 01:31:24,770
alright and that's how that works with a

2182
01:31:27,970 --> 01:31:26,540
telephoto and that's part of the problem

2183
01:31:30,250 --> 01:31:27,980
you know people don't understand how

2184
01:31:34,210 --> 01:31:30,260
cameras work and so that compression of

2185
01:31:38,050 --> 01:31:34,220
distance is in effect so I calculated uh

2186
01:31:40,090 --> 01:31:38,060
that you know this this rocket launch

2187
01:31:42,160 --> 01:31:40,100
failed and when I actually looked at the

2188
01:31:44,020 --> 01:31:42,170
rocket launch in particular I was able

2189
01:31:45,160 --> 01:31:44,030
to offer up a possibility for what

2190
01:31:48,880 --> 01:31:45,170
actually happened I thought it was a

2191
01:31:52,630 --> 01:31:48,890
static static discharge it on the the

2192
01:31:55,360 --> 01:31:52,640
the upper umbilical and I saw the flash

2193
01:31:57,460 --> 01:31:55,370
in an in an instant before the rocket

2194
01:31:59,950 --> 01:31:57,470
went off but that black dot everyone

2195
01:32:02,350 --> 01:31:59,960
says was the UFO that caused it was

2196
01:32:04,210 --> 01:32:02,360
still way far to the right and had not

2197
01:32:07,900 --> 01:32:04,220
crossed from the rocket it looks like it

2198
01:32:10,870 --> 01:32:07,910
does okay and you can grab a frame just

2199
01:32:14,170 --> 01:32:10,880
after it's just to the left of the

2200
01:32:16,150 --> 01:32:14,180
rocket after the explosion starts so the

2201
01:32:21,190 --> 01:32:16,160
illusion is that it actually caused the

2202
01:32:23,290 --> 01:32:21,200
explosion but in my analysis I I found

2203
01:32:25,180 --> 01:32:23,300
that it was just a foreground object and

2204
01:32:27,250 --> 01:32:25,190
nothing you know it was actually a

2205
01:32:29,830 --> 01:32:27,260
catastrophe based on I think static

2206
01:32:32,020 --> 01:32:29,840
discharge well well

2207
01:32:33,420 --> 01:32:32,030
well you're a real conspiracy crusher

2208
01:32:37,540 --> 01:32:33,430
I'm sorry

2209
01:32:41,080 --> 01:32:37,550
hey a Belinda and a number of people

2210
01:32:42,970 --> 01:32:41,090
have asked in chat and also in the forum

2211
01:32:46,270 --> 01:32:42,980
as well they want to hear about your own

2212
01:32:49,540 --> 01:32:46,280
personal UFO story now I know you've

2213
01:32:51,310 --> 01:32:49,550
talked about your uso experience uh I

2214
01:32:52,600 --> 01:32:51,320
think we've talked about it almost every

2215
01:32:55,360 --> 01:32:52,610
time you've been on the show which has

2216
01:32:57,010 --> 01:32:55,370
been many times now yeah but uh is

2217
01:32:59,740 --> 01:32:57,020
another one I mean there is another

2218
01:33:01,480 --> 01:32:59,750
experience I had which actually caused

2219
01:33:05,680 --> 01:33:01,490
me to move out of the old house that's

2220
01:33:09,220 --> 01:33:05,690
why we're here and that one that had to

2221
01:33:11,110 --> 01:33:09,230
do with I was awakened over and again uh

2222
01:33:12,790 --> 01:33:11,120
I'm a science guy this doesn't happen to

2223
01:33:15,490 --> 01:33:12,800
me you have to understand okay this just

2224
01:33:17,230 --> 01:33:15,500
does not happen to me okay until it does

2225
01:33:20,140 --> 01:33:17,240
and then you got to try and figure out

2226
01:33:22,810 --> 01:33:20,150
what's going on so I was awakened over

2227
01:33:24,880 --> 01:33:22,820
three nights with this knocking well two

2228
01:33:26,589 --> 01:33:24,890
nights knocking at the peak of my roof

2229
01:33:28,990 --> 01:33:26,599
bang bang bang bang bang

2230
01:33:31,450 --> 01:33:29,000
banging banging series of threes I don't

2231
01:33:32,709 --> 01:33:31,460
know what that significance was first

2232
01:33:33,430 --> 01:33:32,719
night I just thought it was curious I

2233
01:33:36,490 --> 01:33:33,440
went back to sleep

2234
01:33:38,620 --> 01:33:36,500
second night it was irritating and if I

2235
01:33:40,149 --> 01:33:38,630
there's a there's a woodpecker

2236
01:33:42,819 --> 01:33:40,159
I might work rough and it's just like

2237
01:33:44,890 --> 01:33:42,829
you know it's it's it's a pecking at the

2238
01:33:46,959 --> 01:33:44,900
vinyl siding what the heck's it doing so

2239
01:33:48,910 --> 01:33:46,969
i got up and i had two greyhounds at the

2240
01:33:50,830 --> 01:33:48,920
time and i stepped over them and then

2241
01:33:52,479 --> 01:33:50,840
leaned over them to actually peek out

2242
01:33:54,430 --> 01:33:52,489
the window i pushed my face against the

2243
01:33:56,500 --> 01:33:54,440
screen i'm craning my neck to look up

2244
01:33:58,439 --> 01:33:56,510
when all of a sudden i got hit in the

2245
01:34:02,350 --> 01:33:58,449
face with a bright flash of white light

2246
01:34:03,580 --> 01:34:02,360
as oh and my first thought was i've no

2247
01:34:05,560 --> 01:34:03,590
idea what just happened i think i just

2248
01:34:07,060 --> 01:34:05,570
had a stroke or maybe there's some kind

2249
01:34:08,890 --> 01:34:07,070
of medical event I don't know I'm just

2250
01:34:11,379 --> 01:34:08,900
gonna sit here and yell and do anything

2251
01:34:11,800 --> 01:34:11,389
to stay there then my vision came back

2252
01:34:14,080 --> 01:34:11,810
slowly

2253
01:34:16,180 --> 01:34:14,090
I was flash blinded by something like a

2254
01:34:17,770 --> 01:34:16,190
flash bulb went off the second story my

2255
01:34:20,169 --> 01:34:17,780
house is a roof above me it's nothing

2256
01:34:22,540 --> 01:34:20,179
else and I went down the dogs are gone

2257
01:34:23,919 --> 01:34:22,550
and they were one was in the closet

2258
01:34:26,350 --> 01:34:23,929
hiding in the laundry and one was

2259
01:34:27,970 --> 01:34:26,360
outside the room and sitting out there

2260
01:34:31,169 --> 01:34:27,980
they got spooked by whatever this was

2261
01:34:35,589 --> 01:34:31,179
and they ran out of the room I guess and

2262
01:34:40,359 --> 01:34:35,599
then I went over and went back to bed

2263
01:34:43,810 --> 01:34:40,369
and the next night was the third night

2264
01:34:45,760 --> 01:34:43,820
and again I woke up and I'm like why am

2265
01:34:47,770 --> 01:34:45,770
i waking up again in the middle of night

2266
01:34:50,589 --> 01:34:47,780
and I'm thinking wait a minute I can't

2267
01:34:53,080 --> 01:34:50,599
move I can't move I can't turn my head

2268
01:34:55,390 --> 01:34:53,090
I'm like totally paralyzed and I thought

2269
01:34:57,160 --> 01:34:55,400
oh no this was a medical event I'm

2270
01:34:58,419 --> 01:34:57,170
paralyzed with a stroke I should have

2271
01:35:01,569 --> 01:34:58,429
gone to the hospital I mean thinking

2272
01:35:03,280 --> 01:35:01,579
that way then I realized that Nelse I

2273
01:35:05,410 --> 01:35:03,290
couldn't even move my eyes because I had

2274
01:35:07,479 --> 01:35:05,420
the out of my peripheral vision to the

2275
01:35:09,580 --> 01:35:07,489
right side I could see the frame of the

2276
01:35:12,459 --> 01:35:09,590
window being illuminated by a distant

2277
01:35:13,780 --> 01:35:12,469
streetlight and I I went to look at it

2278
01:35:16,240 --> 01:35:13,790
and I realized I couldn't even move my

2279
01:35:17,430 --> 01:35:16,250
eyes to look at it and that actually

2280
01:35:19,510 --> 01:35:17,440
that that's when I became terrified

2281
01:35:23,470 --> 01:35:19,520
because I thought it was a medical event

2282
01:35:26,550 --> 01:35:23,480
then I saw something walking to me and I

2283
01:35:29,740 --> 01:35:26,560
thought or what is that who is that and

2284
01:35:32,050 --> 01:35:29,750
it had us outstretched hand and it had

2285
01:35:33,939 --> 01:35:32,060
like oh I look like a magician's magic

2286
01:35:36,700 --> 01:35:33,949
wand I cause I I've done magic shows

2287
01:35:38,649 --> 01:35:36,710
since I was 12 and I saw this magic wand

2288
01:35:39,790 --> 01:35:38,659
the thing but it was translucent and

2289
01:35:42,250 --> 01:35:39,800
glowing why

2290
01:35:43,810 --> 01:35:42,260
soft glow and that passed in front of my

2291
01:35:45,130 --> 01:35:43,820
nose back and forth I couldn't look at

2292
01:35:46,840 --> 01:35:45,140
it because it was right out of my vision

2293
01:35:48,520 --> 01:35:46,850
was in my vision but in my peripheral

2294
01:35:51,100 --> 01:35:48,530
vision I couldn't move my eyes down to

2295
01:35:53,260 --> 01:35:51,110
look at it so I was like frozen looking

2296
01:35:55,930 --> 01:35:53,270
forward forward just couldn't move and

2297
01:35:57,760 --> 01:35:55,940
I'm trying to fighting what is this

2298
01:35:59,680 --> 01:35:57,770
what's going on and then BAM it was

2299
01:36:01,960 --> 01:35:59,690
morning and I couldn't breathe

2300
01:36:04,150 --> 01:36:01,970
I was on my belly and the bed and I

2301
01:36:06,640 --> 01:36:04,160
couldn't breathe because I pushed myself

2302
01:36:09,370 --> 01:36:06,650
off the pillow I noticed that the pillow

2303
01:36:11,920 --> 01:36:09,380
was literally saturated in blood and I

2304
01:36:13,210 --> 01:36:11,930
was like wow what the heck happened and

2305
01:36:15,130 --> 01:36:13,220
I felt like I had been punched in the

2306
01:36:16,840 --> 01:36:15,140
face I got my left side as my felt like

2307
01:36:18,610 --> 01:36:16,850
I'd get hit in the face and really was

2308
01:36:23,080 --> 01:36:18,620
hurting and I didn't know what happened

2309
01:36:24,910 --> 01:36:23,090
so anyway long story longer um I took it

2310
01:36:27,610 --> 01:36:24,920
took me two years to go to one ear nose

2311
01:36:28,930 --> 01:36:27,620
and throat guy and I did and when he

2312
01:36:31,000 --> 01:36:28,940
looked up there he said yeah you got

2313
01:36:32,440 --> 01:36:31,010
something up there and he pulled it out

2314
01:36:35,590 --> 01:36:32,450
he got really took it out in a procedure

2315
01:36:38,680 --> 01:36:35,600
in the office and you know I asked him

2316
01:36:40,690 --> 01:36:38,690
to check it and you notice and I asked

2317
01:36:42,910 --> 01:36:40,700
him I said you just check the center see

2318
01:36:44,890 --> 01:36:42,920
if there's an object in there and he

2319
01:36:46,540 --> 01:36:44,900
says you mean like a metal splinter that

2320
01:36:49,420 --> 01:36:46,550
you might get like a machinist my kid oh

2321
01:36:52,060 --> 01:36:49,430
yeah yeah okay I'll do that

2322
01:36:54,310 --> 01:36:52,070
why and I made a mistake of telling the

2323
01:36:57,070 --> 01:36:54,320
story I just told all of you and he said

2324
01:36:58,990 --> 01:36:57,080
oh he goes I'm sure it isn't aliens okay

2325
01:37:01,180 --> 01:36:59,000
he says call me the week I'll give you

2326
01:37:04,120 --> 01:37:01,190
the result of the pathology okay thanks

2327
01:37:06,460 --> 01:37:04,130
doctor I leave Hartford Hospital I come

2328
01:37:07,960 --> 01:37:06,470
home a week later my column I call a

2329
01:37:10,240 --> 01:37:07,970
secretary and the secretary says and

2330
01:37:12,400 --> 01:37:10,250
well I get the woman and I see yeah this

2331
01:37:14,080 --> 01:37:12,410
is Mark Dantonio I'm calling because and

2332
01:37:14,890 --> 01:37:14,090
she's oh yeah yeah hold on the doctor

2333
01:37:18,340 --> 01:37:14,900
wants to talk to you

2334
01:37:20,050 --> 01:37:18,350
oh no it's bad news I know I don't know

2335
01:37:22,090 --> 01:37:20,060
and he gets on the phone he says I just

2336
01:37:22,690 --> 01:37:22,100
want let you know it's nothing to worry

2337
01:37:25,600 --> 01:37:22,700
about

2338
01:37:27,450 --> 01:37:25,610
I'm sure it was benign and I go well oh

2339
01:37:30,610 --> 01:37:27,460
you don't have a report yet he was

2340
01:37:33,790 --> 01:37:30,620
actually this has never happened in our

2341
01:37:38,530 --> 01:37:33,800
office but the pathology people lost it

2342
01:37:40,240 --> 01:37:38,540
I went they lost it ah so I never found

2343
01:37:42,790 --> 01:37:40,250
out what it was I never got it and of

2344
01:37:45,010 --> 01:37:42,800
course you in the audience you can think

2345
01:37:46,540 --> 01:37:45,020
what I did and that is that I shouldn't

2346
01:37:48,280 --> 01:37:46,550
have told him that darn alien story

2347
01:37:49,960 --> 01:37:48,290
because if I hadn't he probably wouldn't

2348
01:37:51,460 --> 01:37:49,970
call the people that he probably called

2349
01:37:53,950 --> 01:37:51,470
and they weren't probably when they come

2350
01:37:55,030 --> 01:37:53,960
to pick it up just in case I was telling

2351
01:37:56,590 --> 01:37:55,040
the truth or something

2352
01:37:58,510 --> 01:37:56,600
I mean I'm telling you just what

2353
01:38:00,370 --> 01:37:58,520
happened but it was so terrifying that I

2354
01:38:02,680 --> 01:38:00,380
couldn't sleep in that house anymore and

2355
01:38:04,360 --> 01:38:02,690
they shortly thereafter we put the house

2356
01:38:07,390 --> 01:38:04,370
in the market and I moved into this

2357
01:38:09,820 --> 01:38:07,400
house you know so that's that's that

2358
01:38:12,850 --> 01:38:09,830
story I mean wow now you've never had

2359
01:38:17,860 --> 01:38:12,860
any more experiences after that just

2360
01:38:21,970 --> 01:38:17,870
that well I haven't but my oldest son

2361
01:38:24,550 --> 01:38:21,980
did and not in the house but here in

2362
01:38:26,880 --> 01:38:24,560
Connecticut he was with his a girl he

2363
01:38:30,190 --> 01:38:26,890
was with and he had a weird experience

2364
01:38:31,750 --> 01:38:30,200
my youngest son had another experience

2365
01:38:34,390 --> 01:38:31,760
which was really frightening here in

2366
01:38:36,730 --> 01:38:34,400
this house he started sleeping in my bed

2367
01:38:38,290 --> 01:38:36,740
for months at a time and then what are

2368
01:38:40,540 --> 01:38:38,300
you doing you can't sleep here you can't

2369
01:38:43,030 --> 01:38:40,550
sleep here and you got out of our bed

2370
01:38:45,040 --> 01:38:43,040
and you know I should sleep in your room

2371
01:38:46,510 --> 01:38:45,050
because I don't wanna I'm afraid okay

2372
01:38:50,230 --> 01:38:46,520
he's just maybe it's night terrors he

2373
01:38:51,790 --> 01:38:50,240
was 9 or whatever so I finally pressed

2374
01:38:53,920 --> 01:38:51,800
him I said what's wrong with you what's

2375
01:38:55,780 --> 01:38:53,930
matter why don't you want to sleep in

2376
01:38:58,420 --> 01:38:55,790
your own bed look it's so nice it's got

2377
01:39:00,760 --> 01:38:58,430
the it's got that memory foam topper on

2378
01:39:03,010 --> 01:39:00,770
it it's wonderful I can take a nap on

2379
01:39:05,530 --> 01:39:03,020
you knows I don't want to sleep in that

2380
01:39:07,120 --> 01:39:05,540
bed and I finally pushed hard enough and

2381
01:39:09,370 --> 01:39:07,130
he started to cry and I just course felt

2382
01:39:11,260 --> 01:39:09,380
like an idiot you know making my son cry

2383
01:39:13,570 --> 01:39:11,270
and I said what's the matter

2384
01:39:15,130 --> 01:39:13,580
and he says I'm afraid that aliens are

2385
01:39:17,050 --> 01:39:15,140
gonna take me out through the window

2386
01:39:20,950 --> 01:39:17,060
again I come through the window and take

2387
01:39:21,130 --> 01:39:20,960
me again he said I mean what how old was

2388
01:39:25,000 --> 01:39:21,140
he

2389
01:39:28,120 --> 01:39:25,010
aliens are gonna come through my window

2390
01:39:31,090 --> 01:39:28,130
and take me again well yeah and now I

2391
01:39:35,230 --> 01:39:31,100
mean you have to understand that at that

2392
01:39:37,570 --> 01:39:35,240
time I wasn't doing muffins

2393
01:39:40,180 --> 01:39:37,580
I wasn't their chief photo video analyst

2394
01:39:42,690 --> 01:39:40,190
I was interested in extraterrestrial

2395
01:39:48,490 --> 01:39:42,700
life but I I wasn't

2396
01:39:50,770 --> 01:39:48,500
fixated on UFOs in that regard I didn't

2397
01:39:53,080 --> 01:39:50,780
have books on him I still don't actually

2398
01:39:55,180 --> 01:39:53,090
I don't keep any that stuff out I don't

2399
01:39:56,040 --> 01:39:55,190
want to be you know tainted by other

2400
01:39:59,140 --> 01:39:56,050
people's

2401
01:40:01,690 --> 01:39:59,150
concepts ok I have to formulate my own

2402
01:40:04,960 --> 01:40:01,700
as someone who does this analysis and

2403
01:40:07,720 --> 01:40:04,970
but it's really kind of strange

2404
01:40:12,490 --> 01:40:07,730
so that was here you know and you know

2405
01:40:16,420 --> 01:40:12,500
that that is really bizarre this bizarre

2406
01:40:18,690 --> 01:40:16,430
yeah um okay now there's a really long

2407
01:40:22,690 --> 01:40:18,700
question here you'll have to bear with

2408
01:40:25,840 --> 01:40:22,700
us here it came in on the form and that

2409
01:40:29,110 --> 01:40:25,850
is a we think of beings capable of

2410
01:40:31,810 --> 01:40:29,120
getting here as necessarily smarter than

2411
01:40:34,300 --> 01:40:31,820
us but could some ETS be more

2412
01:40:39,190 --> 01:40:34,310
knowledgeable without necessarily being

2413
01:40:41,800 --> 01:40:39,200
smarter more intelligent would we

2414
01:40:43,930 --> 01:40:41,810
probably all known families with younger

2415
01:40:46,030 --> 01:40:43,940
siblings buh-buh-bah this is a real long

2416
01:40:50,560 --> 01:40:46,040
question but that's kind of the gist of

2417
01:40:52,690 --> 01:40:50,570
it do you think that if beings were

2418
01:40:55,810 --> 01:40:52,700
actually able to come here and visit

2419
01:40:57,880 --> 01:40:55,820
that they would actually have to be more

2420
01:40:59,290 --> 01:40:57,890
intelligent all the way around I guess

2421
01:41:00,220 --> 01:40:59,300
that's kind of the question well

2422
01:41:03,730 --> 01:41:00,230
certainly they have to be more

2423
01:41:07,330 --> 01:41:03,740
technically apt they have to be more

2424
01:41:10,810 --> 01:41:07,340
technically capable because you have to

2425
01:41:14,410 --> 01:41:10,820
use much higher technology to apply the

2426
01:41:16,210 --> 01:41:14,420
distance between the stars you need to

2427
01:41:17,890 --> 01:41:16,220
be able to harness huge amounts of

2428
01:41:19,270 --> 01:41:17,900
energy and the harness huge amounts of

2429
01:41:23,290 --> 01:41:19,280
energy you have to have a technology

2430
01:41:25,360 --> 01:41:23,300
that can do it um and so I think they

2431
01:41:27,190 --> 01:41:25,370
have to have a higher tech tech level

2432
01:41:32,470 --> 01:41:27,200
for sure they have to be more

2433
01:41:34,300 --> 01:41:32,480
intelligent I think that one necessarily

2434
01:41:36,880 --> 01:41:34,310
begets the other I think you have to be

2435
01:41:39,910 --> 01:41:36,890
intelligent to be able to develop these

2436
01:41:43,570 --> 01:41:39,920
technologies now that said I will now

2437
01:41:45,940 --> 01:41:43,580
call myself a liar it's possible that a

2438
01:41:50,080 --> 01:41:45,950
civilization out there develop

2439
01:41:52,270 --> 01:41:50,090
technology then evolved away from

2440
01:41:54,670 --> 01:41:52,280
intellect but the technology remained

2441
01:41:56,890 --> 01:41:54,680
and they just began using it dumb you

2442
01:41:58,540 --> 01:41:56,900
know in a dumb manner that's possible

2443
01:42:02,530 --> 01:41:58,550
and then that technology could have

2444
01:42:05,710 --> 01:42:02,540
brought them here I also think that the

2445
01:42:07,600 --> 01:42:05,720
gray aliens in particular when people

2446
01:42:09,790 --> 01:42:07,610
have said they actually you know for

2447
01:42:12,730 --> 01:42:09,800
those that say they experienced the gray

2448
01:42:14,590 --> 01:42:12,740
abduction or being abducted they've said

2449
01:42:16,570 --> 01:42:14,600
that the gray alien seemed so

2450
01:42:20,440 --> 01:42:16,580
indifferent

2451
01:42:23,410 --> 01:42:20,450
machines and I basically have said and

2452
01:42:26,050 --> 01:42:23,420
so many others I think that I think

2453
01:42:29,020 --> 01:42:26,060
they're biological robots I think that

2454
01:42:32,410 --> 01:42:29,030
they're just they have a certain program

2455
01:42:34,930 --> 01:42:32,420
mission and that's what they do whether

2456
01:42:36,760 --> 01:42:34,940
that mission is to go interstellar find

2457
01:42:39,310 --> 01:42:36,770
us and do the experiments here which

2458
01:42:42,280 --> 01:42:39,320
would make them not necessarily as

2459
01:42:46,840 --> 01:42:42,290
intelligent as us if they're robotic or

2460
01:42:48,820 --> 01:42:46,850
bio robots but it would make them have

2461
01:42:51,070 --> 01:42:48,830
the ability to utilize a higher

2462
01:42:55,510 --> 01:42:51,080
technology without necessarily having to

2463
01:42:57,900 --> 01:42:55,520
understand it so that's a possibility so

2464
01:43:00,700 --> 01:42:57,910
I don't I don't necessarily believe that

2465
01:43:03,970 --> 01:43:00,710
visiting species has to be more

2466
01:43:07,210 --> 01:43:03,980
intelligent than us but I do think that

2467
01:43:09,040 --> 01:43:07,220
the origination of that technology has

2468
01:43:12,190 --> 01:43:09,050
to come from a far higher intelligence

2469
01:43:15,880 --> 01:43:12,200
than we have yeah okay it kind of makes

2470
01:43:17,710 --> 01:43:15,890
sense now this is a you Fatah race

2471
01:43:21,400 --> 01:43:17,720
stanford has collected UFO evidence

2472
01:43:25,230 --> 01:43:21,410
using a variety of instruments such as a

2473
01:43:27,190 --> 01:43:25,240
recording gravimeter a recording

2474
01:43:30,490 --> 01:43:27,200
magnetometer i'm not even saying that

2475
01:43:33,760 --> 01:43:30,500
spectrograph camera etc audio recorder

2476
01:43:35,710 --> 01:43:33,770
all that and other cameras yet somehow

2477
01:43:38,680 --> 01:43:35,720
this evidence still seems largely

2478
01:43:42,970 --> 01:43:38,690
ignored by the scientific community do

2479
01:43:47,620 --> 01:43:42,980
you fear that you photog evidence might

2480
01:43:50,860 --> 01:43:47,630
have a similar simile be ignored it is I

2481
01:43:53,530 --> 01:43:50,870
mean we've actually you know uh Doug

2482
01:43:56,730 --> 01:43:53,540
Trumbull with whom I'm doing this has

2483
01:43:59,530 --> 01:43:56,740
talked to some very important people and

2484
01:44:02,290 --> 01:43:59,540
they've you know when you hear the word

2485
01:44:04,750 --> 01:44:02,300
UFO they start to snicker and they're

2486
01:44:08,440 --> 01:44:04,760
not sure they want to get involved but I

2487
01:44:11,680 --> 01:44:08,450
think those those those winds are

2488
01:44:14,080 --> 01:44:11,690
changing because there are other

2489
01:44:17,310 --> 01:44:14,090
companies doing things related to UFOs

2490
01:44:19,900 --> 01:44:17,320
they're starting to get funding and

2491
01:44:21,900 --> 01:44:19,910
funding from big sources and I think

2492
01:44:25,260 --> 01:44:21,910
that's important and that will lead to

2493
01:44:27,730 --> 01:44:25,270
you Fatah getting funded for instance um

2494
01:44:30,490 --> 01:44:27,740
ray Stanford I actually owe him a visit

2495
01:44:32,440 --> 01:44:30,500
I mean he's several times he

2496
01:44:36,310 --> 01:44:32,450
had told people that work with him that

2497
01:44:39,160 --> 01:44:36,320
you know he would like to see me come

2498
01:44:41,230 --> 01:44:39,170
down and talk to him and I would so you

2499
01:44:43,360 --> 01:44:41,240
know I still owe him that that time so

2500
01:44:44,830 --> 01:44:43,370
thanks for reminding me give me a kick

2501
01:44:50,680 --> 01:44:44,840
in the backside there because I I do

2502
01:44:53,260 --> 01:44:50,690
have to call him yeah yeah let's see Tom

2503
01:44:55,510 --> 01:44:53,270
wanted to know if you are planning on

2504
01:44:58,990 --> 01:44:55,520
being at the UFO I mean I'm sorry at the

2505
01:45:00,580 --> 01:44:59,000
MUFON symposium this year I'm not sure

2506
01:45:05,160 --> 01:45:00,590
I'm going to make it this year because I

2507
01:45:09,370 --> 01:45:05,170
think I have a conflict I will be in

2508
01:45:12,190 --> 01:45:09,380
Roswell at the Roswell festival they

2509
01:45:14,710 --> 01:45:12,200
call it I think that's June 29th to July

2510
01:45:16,360 --> 01:45:14,720
1st and then I'll be at the Devil's

2511
01:45:18,190 --> 01:45:16,370
Tower 40th anniversary of Close

2512
01:45:20,230 --> 01:45:18,200
Encounters of the Third Kind that's

2513
01:45:23,320 --> 01:45:20,240
right in September right yeah September

2514
01:45:25,240 --> 01:45:23,330
14 through 16 anything yeah yeah I had

2515
01:45:27,910 --> 01:45:25,250
to do talks at both of those venues and

2516
01:45:30,040 --> 01:45:27,920
then just a few weeks from now on the

2517
01:45:33,610 --> 01:45:30,050
20th of May I'll be in Pine Bush New

2518
01:45:35,530 --> 01:45:33,620
York doing a really nice little festival

2519
01:45:38,910 --> 01:45:35,540
up there first time I've done that I

2520
01:45:42,910 --> 01:45:38,920
spoke at an expo down in New York City

2521
01:45:44,470 --> 01:45:42,920
good like a month ago or so that was a

2522
01:45:46,660 --> 01:45:44,480
nightmare because knew it's New York

2523
01:45:48,460 --> 01:45:46,670
whatever you know it's a gone hustle and

2524
01:45:51,130 --> 01:45:48,470
bustle is too much for me yeah you need

2525
01:45:54,670 --> 01:45:51,140
my mom yeah oh yeah I just went through

2526
01:45:56,170 --> 01:45:54,680
there today this is another kind of a

2527
01:45:58,390 --> 01:45:56,180
long question it's kind of an

2528
01:46:00,910 --> 01:45:58,400
interesting one though if you are able

2529
01:46:04,330 --> 01:46:00,920
to artificially recreate an image that

2530
01:46:07,030 --> 01:46:04,340
is being touted as an image of a UFO it

2531
01:46:09,640 --> 01:46:07,040
shows that the touted image on its own

2532
01:46:13,360 --> 01:46:09,650
merit cannot be taken as a conclusive

2533
01:46:15,160 --> 01:46:13,370
proof as something anomalous but does

2534
01:46:17,860 --> 01:46:15,170
that lead us to the conclusion that no

2535
01:46:21,010 --> 01:46:17,870
photographic image can ever be taken on

2536
01:46:24,400 --> 01:46:21,020
its own as conclusive proof that's

2537
01:46:26,110 --> 01:46:24,410
actually a very good question and I'm

2538
01:46:27,670 --> 01:46:26,120
not sure but the person who wrote that I

2539
01:46:30,880 --> 01:46:27,680
don't know who did but it's probably

2540
01:46:34,950 --> 01:46:30,890
someone who knows my my style I try to

2541
01:46:39,880 --> 01:46:34,960
recreate sightings I try to recreate

2542
01:46:41,560 --> 01:46:39,890
what people see using known objects that

2543
01:46:43,410 --> 01:46:41,570
could be mistaken not because I'm trying

2544
01:46:47,640 --> 01:46:43,420
to debunk I'll be

2545
01:46:50,280 --> 01:46:47,650
I'm trying to remove the the variables

2546
01:46:52,380 --> 01:46:50,290
and I would very much like to be proven

2547
01:46:54,450 --> 01:46:52,390
wrong I want to be shown that I'm not

2548
01:46:57,959 --> 01:46:54,460
correct I want to be proven wrong I want

2549
01:47:02,189 --> 01:46:57,969
to not find a solution but it's possible

2550
01:47:05,010 --> 01:47:02,199
that you know when when I recreate

2551
01:47:07,380 --> 01:47:05,020
something all that does is it shows how

2552
01:47:09,300 --> 01:47:07,390
it could have happened it doesn't mean

2553
01:47:10,830 --> 01:47:09,310
what they saw didn't actually occur the

2554
01:47:13,740 --> 01:47:10,840
way they saw it the way they feel it did

2555
01:47:14,880 --> 01:47:13,750
it just means that we have to take it

2556
01:47:16,830 --> 01:47:14,890
with a grain of salt it doesn't mean

2557
01:47:20,510 --> 01:47:16,840
that all photo or video proof is just

2558
01:47:23,939 --> 01:47:20,520
thrown out it doesn't mean that at all

2559
01:47:26,490 --> 01:47:23,949
because what if you know I thought you

2560
01:47:28,979 --> 01:47:26,500
have to look at other things you have to

2561
01:47:30,419 --> 01:47:28,989
look at you have to consider the person

2562
01:47:33,030 --> 01:47:30,429
that actually took the photo you look in

2563
01:47:35,880 --> 01:47:33,040
their background are they capable of

2564
01:47:38,610 --> 01:47:35,890
doing the advanced engineering that I

2565
01:47:40,200 --> 01:47:38,620
might do to recreate the the photo I

2566
01:47:42,780 --> 01:47:40,210
might be able to recreate it but what if

2567
01:47:45,990 --> 01:47:42,790
I'm using this advanced concept to do it

2568
01:47:47,340 --> 01:47:46,000
and they're not they didn't and they

2569
01:47:50,270 --> 01:47:47,350
couldn't do it say they weren't that

2570
01:47:52,740 --> 01:47:50,280
person they didn't have that capability

2571
01:47:55,410 --> 01:47:52,750
well then it becomes less likely that

2572
01:47:58,760 --> 01:47:55,420
they faked it right because the issue is

2573
01:48:01,740 --> 01:47:58,770
the instrument hand is that most people

2574
01:48:03,959 --> 01:48:01,750
don't have access to the same type of

2575
01:48:05,610 --> 01:48:03,969
tools that I might have access to that

2576
01:48:07,560 --> 01:48:05,620
doesn't mean and I'm any better than

2577
01:48:09,840 --> 01:48:07,570
anybody it just means that I'm a weirdo

2578
01:48:11,220 --> 01:48:09,850
it means that I have done these crazy

2579
01:48:16,380 --> 01:48:11,230
things and spent my life doing

2580
01:48:21,240 --> 01:48:16,390
absolutely wacky things and you know I

2581
01:48:22,830 --> 01:48:21,250
have amassed a knowledge base of how

2582
01:48:25,650 --> 01:48:22,840
certain things act on their certain

2583
01:48:27,600 --> 01:48:25,660
conditions and you know in other it's

2584
01:48:29,400 --> 01:48:27,610
like I'll be great at Trivial Pursuit if

2585
01:48:31,080 --> 01:48:29,410
we ever talk about the weird engineering

2586
01:48:33,000 --> 01:48:31,090
things but I won't be good at it if it

2587
01:48:35,010 --> 01:48:33,010
were we're talking about you know

2588
01:48:36,959 --> 01:48:35,020
history or some well no history maybe

2589
01:48:39,330 --> 01:48:36,969
but you know some topics I'm not going

2590
01:48:42,090 --> 01:48:39,340
to be good at at all but I think that it

2591
01:48:43,410 --> 01:48:42,100
matters without it what comes down to is

2592
01:48:46,740 --> 01:48:43,420
how much effort did it take me to

2593
01:48:48,750 --> 01:48:46,750
recreate it or would it take someone to

2594
01:48:50,729 --> 01:48:48,760
recreate it and that is something that

2595
01:48:52,950 --> 01:48:50,739
you put up against the actual sighting

2596
01:48:54,270 --> 01:48:52,960
the conditions of the sighting and then

2597
01:48:55,700 --> 01:48:54,280
the person who took the pictures or

2598
01:48:57,890 --> 01:48:55,710
images

2599
01:48:59,630 --> 01:48:57,900
so you know you compare the two and say

2600
01:49:02,709 --> 01:48:59,640
this person would have had to have done

2601
01:49:04,550 --> 01:49:02,719
all this to get this result and that

2602
01:49:06,500 --> 01:49:04,560
becomes something you say well that

2603
01:49:08,750 --> 01:49:06,510
doesn't seem very likely I might have

2604
01:49:12,470 --> 01:49:08,760
been able to recreate it but it doesn't

2605
01:49:12,890 --> 01:49:12,480
seem very likely that they would right

2606
01:49:15,290 --> 01:49:12,900
right

2607
01:49:16,850 --> 01:49:15,300
now I'm going to share this up but this

2608
01:49:18,770 --> 01:49:16,860
is only for people that are watching

2609
01:49:23,720 --> 01:49:18,780
live on YouTube

2610
01:49:26,750 --> 01:49:23,730
if you're watching now and you can see

2611
01:49:28,820 --> 01:49:26,760
this mark this is the turkey UFO I'm

2612
01:49:31,520 --> 01:49:28,830
sure you're very familiar with that I

2613
01:49:33,800 --> 01:49:31,530
get a number of emails about this

2614
01:49:37,550 --> 01:49:33,810
because in this particular case it looks

2615
01:49:39,560 --> 01:49:37,560
like you know there's a aliens I mean it

2616
01:49:41,680 --> 01:49:39,570
does look like two heads in the front

2617
01:49:43,940 --> 01:49:41,690
now some people are saying that this is

2618
01:49:46,070 --> 01:49:43,950
or some people have speculated this has

2619
01:49:49,070 --> 01:49:46,080
to do with the inside of a video camera

2620
01:49:50,300 --> 01:49:49,080
yeah the edge that there was some people

2621
01:49:53,440 --> 01:49:50,310
saying that was an edge reflection

2622
01:49:56,380 --> 01:49:53,450
let's see those when you see those black

2623
01:50:00,530 --> 01:49:56,390
suppose it figures inside there that

2624
01:50:02,120 --> 01:50:00,540
absence of light indicates a shape that

2625
01:50:05,030 --> 01:50:02,130
your brain tries to make into a familiar

2626
01:50:07,280 --> 01:50:05,040
pattern such as such as would be what's

2627
01:50:09,650 --> 01:50:07,290
called pareidolia and that that is why

2628
01:50:12,110 --> 01:50:09,660
you might see bodies or or heads

2629
01:50:13,430 --> 01:50:12,120
sticking up however if you look at them

2630
01:50:15,620 --> 01:50:13,440
just as lights then maybe they're a

2631
01:50:17,930 --> 01:50:15,630
string of lights on something you know

2632
01:50:19,970 --> 01:50:17,940
and the black areas aren't necessarily

2633
01:50:23,180 --> 01:50:19,980
anything in particular

2634
01:50:25,610 --> 01:50:23,190
no so that's that case but I don't I

2635
01:50:29,780 --> 01:50:25,620
don't find that you know the objects in

2636
01:50:31,880 --> 01:50:29,790
the quote-unquote window why why would

2637
01:50:33,590 --> 01:50:31,890
they be standing there and then you also

2638
01:50:35,450 --> 01:50:33,600
have people that create these imagery

2639
01:50:37,400 --> 01:50:35,460
this imagery and they add to it and they

2640
01:50:39,560 --> 01:50:37,410
make it look like well this really

2641
01:50:41,300 --> 01:50:39,570
wasn't alien see you know here's the

2642
01:50:43,270 --> 01:50:41,310
eyes here's the head you can see them

2643
01:50:46,490 --> 01:50:43,280
very clearly and they actually get a

2644
01:50:48,500 --> 01:50:46,500
resolution out of the original image

2645
01:50:49,910 --> 01:50:48,510
that would just never existed and I

2646
01:50:50,900 --> 01:50:49,920
don't know how that's possible you know

2647
01:50:53,870 --> 01:50:50,910
I mean I don't know how they could make

2648
01:50:56,150 --> 01:50:53,880
an image that had no poor resolution at

2649
01:50:58,040 --> 01:50:56,160
best and they they made it into

2650
01:51:01,220 --> 01:50:58,050
something with super resolution and that

2651
01:51:02,120 --> 01:51:01,230
that's always a very suggestive of

2652
01:51:04,820 --> 01:51:02,130
deception to me

2653
01:51:08,990 --> 01:51:04,830
there's been a lot of people that you

2654
01:51:09,470 --> 01:51:09,000
know like for instance Roger Leir I was

2655
01:51:11,720 --> 01:51:09,480
there

2656
01:51:13,190 --> 01:51:11,730
or when this was being filmed and a

2657
01:51:16,160 --> 01:51:13,200
number of people that say they actually

2658
01:51:17,990 --> 01:51:16,170
saw this saying if so it was really

2659
01:51:20,630 --> 01:51:18,000
strange it just sat out in the middle of

2660
01:51:23,120 --> 01:51:20,640
the ocean some speculate that it could

2661
01:51:26,150 --> 01:51:23,130
be something to do with an actual boat

2662
01:51:28,510 --> 01:51:26,160
out on the water and all that but is

2663
01:51:33,040 --> 01:51:28,520
this something you looked into pretty

2664
01:51:36,290 --> 01:51:33,050
anslee at one point at one point the NIA

2665
01:51:38,090 --> 01:51:36,300
the guy who actually had some of the

2666
01:51:43,610 --> 01:51:38,100
original footage was going to give it to

2667
01:51:45,770 --> 01:51:43,620
me to look at and he backed out didn't

2668
01:51:47,360 --> 01:51:45,780
want to give it to me I don't know maybe

2669
01:51:49,400 --> 01:51:47,370
he didn't think I was gonna give the

2670
01:51:50,630 --> 01:51:49,410
right answer he wanted I don't know but

2671
01:51:52,729 --> 01:51:50,640
I was able to give it a fair shake I

2672
01:51:54,140 --> 01:51:52,739
always give everything a fair shake you

2673
01:51:57,080 --> 01:51:54,150
know I mean I know I've seen a lot of

2674
01:52:00,500 --> 01:51:57,090
things I know if I come across sometimes

2675
01:52:02,870 --> 01:52:00,510
a debunker by I'm more of an explainer

2676
01:52:04,760 --> 01:52:02,880
in and remember my goal is to not be

2677
01:52:07,040 --> 01:52:04,770
able to explain something I want to crow

2678
01:52:08,930 --> 01:52:07,050
from the rooftops I can't explain this

2679
01:52:10,190 --> 01:52:08,940
this is great I mean you have to

2680
01:52:11,750 --> 01:52:10,200
understand I don't have an ego too

2681
01:52:14,120 --> 01:52:11,760
bruised I'm not trying to be a debunker

2682
01:52:16,580 --> 01:52:14,130
you know I just want to be able to

2683
01:52:19,040 --> 01:52:16,590
explain it if I can because I'm doing

2684
01:52:21,979 --> 01:52:19,050
that I'd be doing a disservice anyone

2685
01:52:24,200 --> 01:52:21,989
that follows me if I know said oh I

2686
01:52:25,729 --> 01:52:24,210
think that's a UFO when of course I had

2687
01:52:28,160 --> 01:52:25,739
reservations about whether it really was

2688
01:52:32,090 --> 01:52:28,170
you know and I don't want to do the

2689
01:52:34,640 --> 01:52:32,100
service to people about do you find that

2690
01:52:38,240 --> 01:52:34,650
because of this this way that you're

2691
01:52:40,010 --> 01:52:38,250
doing this that do you get attacked by

2692
01:52:42,350 --> 01:52:40,020
people when they we need they don't

2693
01:52:43,880 --> 01:52:42,360
listen to it yeah I actually had a guy

2694
01:52:48,260 --> 01:52:43,890
trying to throw a punch at me in Las

2695
01:52:50,570 --> 01:52:48,270
Vegas oh yeah I was um um he since

2696
01:52:53,870 --> 01:52:50,580
passed away actually but uh I did not

2697
01:52:58,010 --> 01:52:53,880
kill um nobody can prove it but um I did

2698
01:53:00,380 --> 01:52:58,020
not I'm kidding yeah I had I had talked

2699
01:53:04,120 --> 01:53:00,390
about footage that was shot from the

2700
01:53:07,160 --> 01:53:04,130
space shuttle that I considered to be

2701
01:53:08,720 --> 01:53:07,170
clearly to me as someone who's extremely

2702
01:53:10,850 --> 01:53:08,730
familiar with many different kinds of

2703
01:53:12,260 --> 01:53:10,860
cameras very familiar with on-orbit

2704
01:53:15,560 --> 01:53:12,270
activities what they do up there how

2705
01:53:16,970 --> 01:53:15,570
things act in space how the thruster

2706
01:53:19,850 --> 01:53:16,980
systems on the shuttle work and how

2707
01:53:22,669 --> 01:53:19,860
particles work around the shuttle and

2708
01:53:25,969 --> 01:53:22,679
when I saw this imagery where the

2709
01:53:29,660 --> 01:53:25,979
order to be ufos swarming a you know an

2710
01:53:31,910 --> 01:53:29,670
object at distance I said now that

2711
01:53:34,189 --> 01:53:31,920
that's that's actually just a camera

2712
01:53:36,399 --> 01:53:34,199
artifact and I can prove it and actually

2713
01:53:39,949 --> 01:53:36,409
as part of a National Geographic show

2714
01:53:42,500 --> 01:53:39,959
they brought me out to Dallas and I in

2715
01:53:44,390 --> 01:53:42,510
the studio I built a shuttle window I

2716
01:53:45,830 --> 01:53:44,400
built these particles outside the window

2717
01:53:49,009 --> 01:53:45,840
and I built this thing in the distance

2718
01:53:52,069 --> 01:53:49,019
today I actually recreated the event and

2719
01:53:52,549 --> 01:53:52,079
I had the cameraman for the Discovery

2720
01:53:56,089 --> 01:53:52,559
Channel

2721
01:53:59,959 --> 01:53:56,099
I had him focus on the particles and

2722
01:54:01,459 --> 01:53:59,969
then go focus on the it was a tether the

2723
01:54:04,399 --> 01:54:01,469
tether incident this tether in the

2724
01:54:06,140 --> 01:54:04,409
distance and I said now watch the

2725
01:54:07,549 --> 01:54:06,150
particles they're going to seem to move

2726
01:54:10,040 --> 01:54:07,559
right behind the tether because they're

2727
01:54:12,770 --> 01:54:10,050
out of focus and the tether is as bright

2728
01:54:14,449 --> 01:54:12,780
as it can be anything passing in front

2729
01:54:16,870 --> 01:54:14,459
of it would look like it's going behind

2730
01:54:20,689 --> 01:54:16,880
it and I demonstrated that very clearly

2731
01:54:23,239 --> 01:54:20,699
and and I said so you have to understand

2732
01:54:26,209 --> 01:54:23,249
this is the situation that there was up

2733
01:54:29,089 --> 01:54:26,219
and out you know at the shuttle so why

2734
01:54:32,060 --> 01:54:29,099
is it that you know we say that where

2735
01:54:34,100 --> 01:54:32,070
people say that these are obviously two

2736
01:54:36,259 --> 01:54:34,110
mile UFOs you know two mile diameter

2737
01:54:38,660 --> 01:54:36,269
UFOs they weren't they were out-of-focus

2738
01:54:41,060 --> 01:54:38,670
particles but they're blinking regularly

2739
01:54:43,100 --> 01:54:41,070
yes they're spinning but they're out of

2740
01:54:44,750 --> 01:54:43,110
focus and in the telescope like that I

2741
01:54:46,969 --> 01:54:44,760
can prove it with my Observatory right

2742
01:54:49,399 --> 01:54:46,979
here a spinning object in that

2743
01:54:51,500 --> 01:54:49,409
Observatory telescope which is the same

2744
01:54:54,319 --> 01:54:51,510
kind as on the shuttle

2745
01:54:55,879 --> 01:54:54,329
except shuttle ones are much smaller all

2746
01:54:58,910 --> 01:54:55,889
right they're called catadioptric they

2747
01:55:01,609 --> 01:54:58,920
have a small little secondary mirror up

2748
01:55:03,919 --> 01:55:01,619
in the end you know and it's a it's like

2749
01:55:06,229 --> 01:55:03,929
a glass plate in the front and light

2750
01:55:08,209 --> 01:55:06,239
goes down it's a main mirror comes up

2751
01:55:09,890 --> 01:55:08,219
it's the little tiny mirror in the

2752
01:55:12,080 --> 01:55:09,900
center the end thing goes back down

2753
01:55:14,029 --> 01:55:12,090
through a hole in the mirror it's a they

2754
01:55:17,629 --> 01:55:14,039
also call them folded optical path

2755
01:55:20,899 --> 01:55:17,639
telescopes those kinds of telescopes or

2756
01:55:24,529 --> 01:55:20,909
telephotos even are used because they

2757
01:55:26,719 --> 01:55:24,539
they give you a big punch you know for

2758
01:55:28,969 --> 01:55:26,729
the buck they give you good focal

2759
01:55:32,239 --> 01:55:28,979
lengths a good way to get a nice sharp

2760
01:55:36,080 --> 01:55:32,249
distant shot when you can't carry a very

2761
01:55:37,490 --> 01:55:36,090
long telescopic telephoto into space so

2762
01:55:40,550 --> 01:55:37,500
I recreated it and showed all the

2763
01:55:42,410 --> 01:55:40,560
effects how that happens and you know I

2764
01:55:47,090 --> 01:55:42,420
just let it lie at that you know that's

2765
01:55:50,570 --> 01:55:47,100
how it was all right um I think we're

2766
01:55:52,610 --> 01:55:50,580
going to end this show with something a

2767
01:55:55,460 --> 01:55:52,620
kind of fun that Amanda wanted to know

2768
01:55:57,350 --> 01:55:55,470
in the chat room about stepping on an

2769
01:56:01,880 --> 01:55:57,360
invisible dog now I don't think I've

2770
01:56:03,950 --> 01:56:01,890
heard about this yeah that was um okay

2771
01:56:10,100 --> 01:56:03,960
thanks Amanda you're gonna hear it for

2772
01:56:13,450 --> 01:56:10,110
me okay um this has to do with potential

2773
01:56:16,250 --> 01:56:13,460
parallel universes and medical science

2774
01:56:18,350 --> 01:56:16,260
you know some years ago about about

2775
01:56:21,230 --> 01:56:18,360
thirty years ago I had had brain surgery

2776
01:56:22,610 --> 01:56:21,240
in to fix something that was going

2777
01:56:25,460 --> 01:56:22,620
otherwise kill me

2778
01:56:29,300 --> 01:56:25,470
and it was successful I survived

2779
01:56:31,190 --> 01:56:29,310
otherwise you wouldn't hear me and in

2780
01:56:34,580 --> 01:56:31,200
the later years like in the last three

2781
01:56:35,930 --> 01:56:34,590
years for years I started to hear people

2782
01:56:38,330 --> 01:56:35,940
talking that weren't there and I started

2783
01:56:40,760 --> 01:56:38,340
to see people walking by that weren't

2784
01:56:42,770 --> 01:56:40,770
there at least there were

2785
01:56:44,900 --> 01:56:42,780
semi-transparent so I figured it was the

2786
01:56:47,960 --> 01:56:44,910
injury in my brain and what they did you

2787
01:56:51,080 --> 01:56:47,970
know the maturity of that injury but it

2788
01:56:53,240 --> 01:56:51,090
turns out that um you know I was working

2789
01:56:56,360 --> 01:56:53,250
on a prop for a movie I was working on

2790
01:56:58,550 --> 01:56:56,370
in my shop and I saw this little dog

2791
01:57:00,170 --> 01:56:58,560
walk in it was semi-transparent and it

2792
01:57:01,370 --> 01:57:00,180
wasn't going away I wasn't seeing it out

2793
01:57:03,470 --> 01:57:01,380
of the corner of my eye it was right in

2794
01:57:08,000 --> 01:57:03,480
front of me so I went over and I stepped

2795
01:57:10,720 --> 01:57:08,010
on it and when I did that um it took off

2796
01:57:13,670 --> 01:57:10,730
and it left my shop like in a hurry and

2797
01:57:15,530 --> 01:57:13,680
but the problem was it took my foot with

2798
01:57:17,440 --> 01:57:15,540
it and it yanked my leg right out from

2799
01:57:21,830 --> 01:57:17,450
under me like I was being yanked by a

2800
01:57:24,050 --> 01:57:21,840
freaking cannon um and I landed in the

2801
01:57:25,100 --> 01:57:24,060
back of my head on the floor my feet

2802
01:57:27,140 --> 01:57:25,110
went both feet on right up in the air

2803
01:57:29,450 --> 01:57:27,150
wood and I went down right on my back on

2804
01:57:30,950 --> 01:57:29,460
the back of my head the wind got knocked

2805
01:57:32,690 --> 01:57:30,960
out of me and I hit my shoulder on the

2806
01:57:35,150 --> 01:57:32,700
table going down which is why to this

2807
01:57:36,560 --> 01:57:35,160
day I have a frozen shoulder problem

2808
01:57:41,080 --> 01:57:36,570
that I've been nursing to get rid of and

2809
01:57:46,040 --> 01:57:41,090
so to me that's it's a long story I know

2810
01:57:47,870 --> 01:57:46,050
to me that was um in a sense it you know

2811
01:57:50,070 --> 01:57:47,880
people say oh it was a ghost it was this

2812
01:57:52,560 --> 01:57:50,080
no I think was actually

2813
01:57:55,410 --> 01:57:52,570
uh what I call a bleed through from a

2814
01:57:56,640 --> 01:57:55,420
parallel universe and now you're

2815
01:57:58,680 --> 01:57:56,650
probably scratching your head going

2816
01:58:01,470 --> 01:57:58,690
money talking about parallel universe as

2817
01:58:03,660 --> 01:58:01,480
well the Big Bang when it took on when

2818
01:58:06,720 --> 01:58:03,670
it blew up there wasn't enough mass to

2819
01:58:09,450 --> 01:58:06,730
cause what we see so with that said the

2820
01:58:11,370 --> 01:58:09,460
Big Bang might have spawned multiple

2821
01:58:13,560 --> 01:58:11,380
universes that's been a thought on

2822
01:58:14,910 --> 01:58:13,570
people's minds research papers that

2823
01:58:17,580 --> 01:58:14,920
appeared in the Astrophysical Journal

2824
01:58:21,000 --> 01:58:17,590
actually confirmed that now so now

2825
01:58:23,070 --> 01:58:21,010
parallel universes or the multiverse our

2826
01:58:25,200 --> 01:58:23,080
potential reality and what I experienced

2827
01:58:27,570 --> 01:58:25,210
could very well have been what a term I

2828
01:58:29,730 --> 01:58:27,580
coined is a parallel universe intersect

2829
01:58:32,130 --> 01:58:29,740
ooh ah that's cool

2830
01:58:35,330 --> 01:58:32,140
hey Marv thanks so much Martin it was

2831
01:58:38,160 --> 01:58:35,340
great thank you

2832
01:58:41,640 --> 01:58:38,170
all right everyone thanks so much for

2833
01:58:44,010 --> 01:58:41,650
listening and next week we have Mary

2834
01:58:47,340 --> 01:58:44,020
Rodwell from Australia she's going to be

2835
01:58:49,950 --> 01:58:47,350
on our show and thanks so much for

2836
01:58:54,080 --> 01:58:49,960
joining in and kay I also want to thank

2837
01:58:57,450 --> 01:58:54,090
you for monitoring the chat and everyone

2838
01:58:59,310 --> 01:58:57,460
thanks so much for tuning in and we'll